Ka4 Cellular Differentiation Flashcards
What are adult tissue stem cells
They are multi potent
- they have limited potential and can only specialise into cells in a particular tissue type
What are therapeutic uses of stem cells
Effectively treat damaged/diseases organs/tissues
Eg corneal repair or skin graphs
What are stem cells
Unspecialised somatic cells in animals that can self Renew and differentiate
How does differentiation affect genes in a cell
Certain genes are switched off so the cell only expressed
The required genes
How can some diseases be cured from stem cells
The stem cells are directed to differentiate into specific cell types to replace diseased tissues
What diseases could potentially be cured using stem cells
Dementia
Parkinson’s
Multiple sclerosis
Why might people be against the use of embryonic stem cells
Unethical
Destroying a embryo which is a loss of a potential life
What is corneal repair
Stem cells are injected or washed over the persons eye
Signals from the persons body make the steam cells differentiate into corneal cells to replace the damaged ones
What are research uses of stem cells
Provide info on cell growth, differentiation and gene regulation
Used as mid cells to see how diseases develops and used for drug testing
What are embryonic stem cells
These are pluripotent
-can specialise into all cell types that make up an organism
This is
Because all of the genes can be switched on
What are the 2 types of stem cells
Embryonic and adult tissues
( embryos ) Eg Bone marrow
What is a meristem
Regions of unspecilised cells in plants that can divide by mitosis
What is differentiation
When a cell developed more specialised functions by expressing the genes characteristics for that cell type
What can stem cells be used for
Research and therapeutic uses
