Kahoot Exam 4 questions Flashcards by Blake Vanier

Surgery is indicated for aortic aneurysms that exceed: (2)

5.5 cm
>10 mm per yr

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Anterior spinal artery syndrome is characterized by: (3)

Loss of motor function
Autonomic dysfunction
Hypotension

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The most common causes of Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome include: (3)

Aortic Aneuryms
Aortic Dissections
Atherosclerosis

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Ascending aortic aneurysms includes: (3)

Debakey 1
Debakey 2
Standford A

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Most common deficit associated with aortic arch replacement requiring cardiopulmonary bypass?

Neurologic

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Which population is aortic dissection most common? (2)

Males
3rd trimester pregnancy

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Most abdominal aortic aneurysms rupture into the:

Left retroperitoneum

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Primary causes of mortality r/t surgeries of thoracic aorta include: (2)

MI
CVA

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Most commonly, cardiogenic embolisms originate from: (2)

Left atrial thrombus
Left Ventricle thrombus

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Subclavian Steal Syndrome leads to:

Retrograde blood flow in the ipsilateral SCA

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Superficial thrombophlebitis & DVT are most seen with almost half of patients undergoing which specific surgery:

Total Hip replacement

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Which is true regarding LMWH vs unfractionated heparin? (2)

Longer half life
Not reversible

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Pts w/ a hx of TIA have a ____ times greater risk of CVA.

10x

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CMRO2 is affected by: (2)

Depth of anesthesia
Temperature

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What is the lifespan of non-activated platelets?

8-12 days

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What plt activation phase occurs when:

Upon interaction w/ collagen&tissue factor

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What element is an essential part of coagulation activation tenase complexes?

Calcium

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Prothrombinase complex is composed of which factors? (2)

Factor Xa
Factor Va

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Which factor activated activates factor IX? (2)

TF/VIIa Complex
XIa

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Phase 2 Hemostasis is primarily initiated by:

Extrinsic pathway

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Which system mainly amplifies thrombin generation?

Intrinsic Pathway

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Prothombinase complex converts: (2)

Prothrombin to thrombin
Factor II to IIa

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Coagulation counter mechanisms include: (4)

Tissue factor pathway inhibitor
Protein C
Serine Protease Inhibitors
Endovascular TPA & Urokinase

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Supplements that cause blood-thining include: (2)

Tumeric
Vit E

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vWF prevents degradationof which factor?

VIII

Which lab value may be abnormal in hemophilia?

PTT

Which clotting factors are not produced in the liver? (2)

VIII II

Which anticoagulant factors are produced in the liver? (3)

Protein C Protein S Antithrombin

Anemia of chronic kidney disease is due to: (2)

EPO deficiency Plt dysfunction

Lab findings associated w/ DIC include: (4)

Thrombocytopenia Increased Fibrin Increased Fibrin degradation Prolonged PT/PTT

What is the innermost layer of the GI tract?

Mucosa

What is the best test to detect gastroparesis?

Gastric emptying study

Which type of achalasia is associated with the worst outcomes?

Type 3

What is the most effective nonsurgical treatment of achalasia?

Pneumatic dilation

Normal LES pressure is?

29 mmhg

The descending colon and distal GI tract are innervated by the:

Hypogastric Plexus

Which of the following describes an independent nervous system, which controls the motility, secretion, and bloodflow?

Enteric Nervous System

Which feature of the myenteric plexus controls motility? (3)

Enteric neurons Interstitial cells of Cajal Smooth muscle cells

Which of the following presents a major anesthesia challenge in colonoscopy?

Dehyrdration

Which hormones paly a role in gastric motility? (3)

Gastrin - stimulate Gastric inhibitory peptide - inhibit Motilin - stimulate

Common causes of gastric ulcers include: (3)

ETOH H. Pylori NSAIDS

Which of the following are beneficial preop interventions for zollinger ellision syndrome? (4)

Administer PPI Correct electrolytes RSI Suction @ head of bed

Symptoms associated with chrohns disease include: (3)

Steatorrhea Malabsorption Ileocolitis

IBD treatments include: (3)

Steroids 5-Acetylsalicylic acid Rifaximin

There are 6 anterior pituitary hormones, they include. (3)

Growth Hormone (Somatotrophin) Prolactin TSH

The posterior pituitary hormones are ___. (2)

ADH Oxytocin

T/F DI is characterized by excessive urine production.

True

A serum sodium less than 110 meq/L may result in ____. (2)

Cerebral Edema Seizures

SIADH is inappropriate release of ADH seen with _____. (4)

Cancer of the lung Hypothyroidism Porphyria Intracranial tumors

Treatement of SIADH includes: (4)

Fluid Restriction Hypotonic saline Vasopressin Demeclocycline

Anesthesia considerations associated with acromegaly include: (3)

Vocal cord hypertrophy Sketetal muscle weakness Soft tissue overgrowth

The types of DM include: (4)

Type I: autoimmune;destruction beta cells; random BG>200 Type II: Beta cell insufficiency or insulin resistance Type III: Gestational DM Metabolic syndrome: Insulin resistance with hypertension, dyslipidemia

DM can result in which type of Coma: (3)

Hypoglycemia: BG <50 dl in adult Hyperglycemia, hyperosmolar nonketotic coma: Type 2. serum osmolarity >320 DKA: > ketoacids and metabolic acidosis, hyperglycemia

T/F DKA is more common in T2 DM.

Treatment of DKA includes: (3)

Aggressive isotonic Resuscitation Insulin 0.1 mcg/kg/hr Correct electrolyte derangements

Hyperosmolar nonketotic coma has a mortality approaching 50%, grave concerns include: (2)

CV collapse due to extreme osmotic diuresis CNS hyperosmolar dysfunction

The symptoms of Whipple's triad strongly associated with insulinoma include: (3)

Symptoms of hypoglycemia provoked by fasting BG <50 mg/dL Relief of symptoms w/ glucose

Normal daily release of cortisol is 20 mg/day, under stress this may increase to ____.

150 mg/day

S/S of cushings disease or hypercortisolism include: (2)

Emotional Changes Hyperglycemia

Addison's Disease aka adrenal insufficiency has 2 types:

Primary Secondary

The four H's of Addison Disease include: (4)

Hypotension Hyponatremia Hypovolemia Hyperkalemia

Management goals for patients undergoing adrenalectomy include: (2)

Regulate HTN Control Hyperglycemia

Plasma levels associated with pheochromocytoma inlcude: (2)

Plasma normetanephrine > 400 pg/ml Metanephrine >220 pg/ml