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Psykiske lidelser > Kap 6: Stemningslidelser > Flashcards

Kap 6: Stemningslidelser Flashcards

1
Q

Why should you not treat bipolar depression with antidepressants?

A

Because they can trigger a (hypo-) manic or mixed episode

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2
Q

What is the Life time prevalence of Bipolar disorder?

A

2%

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3
Q

What is the Life time prevalence of unipolar Depression?

A

18%

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4
Q

What is the 12 Month prevalence of Bipolar?

A

1%

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5
Q

What is the 12 Month prevalence of Depression?

A

7%

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6
Q

3 fun age related depression facts?

A

Half of people with depression get it before 20 years of age

It is also part of the DC 0-3

It is the most common disorder for people under 18

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7
Q

What is the definition of a mood disorder?

A

A qualitative change in mood, that influences thoughts, behavior and feelings.

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8
Q

What does diagnostic priority mean?

A

That this diagnosis has to be given over others unless their symptoms were present before

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9
Q

What is a Manic episode?

A

An episode with a lot of Energy, a psychotic state with grandios goals and skills

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10
Q

What is the 12 Month comorbidity of depression?

A

64% (57,5% are anxiety)

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11
Q

What is the life time comorbidity of depression?

What are typical comorbid disorders?

A

72%

Anxiety, Impulse control disorders, Drug abuse

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12
Q

What is needed for Depression diagnosis?

A

Having low mood for most of the day, for nearly every day for at least 2 weeks

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13
Q

What is needed for Bipolar depression diagnosis?

A

A manic phase of at least 4 days, unless stopped by medication/hospitalization

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14
Q

What is diagnostic priority and why is it important with Depression?

A

It means that no other diagnosis can be given, unless the symptoms were there before.

It is important, because Depression can give so many symptoms that are similar to other disorders

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15
Q

What are the types of depression?

A
  1. Single episode depressive disorder
  2. Recurrent depressive disorder (which includes Dysthymic disorder)
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16
Q

What is Dysthymic disorder?

A

When a person does not meet all criteria for recurrent depression, but it lasts for 2 years, or 1 year for children

17
Q

What are the levels of depression

A
  1. mild
  2. moderate, w/ or w/o psychosis
  3. serious, w/ or w/o psychosis
18
Q

What is depressive psychosis?

A

A delusion of shame or guilt, that one has done something terribly wrong

19
Q

What is a manic episode?

A

A episode with lots of energy, a psychotic state with grandios goals and skills

20
Q

What are the different ways of treating mood disorders?

A

No treatment (spontaneous remission)

Biological treatment (ECT and Medication)

Talk therapies (CBT or Interpersonal therapy)

21
Q

What is ECT?

A

Electro Convulsive Therapy

It can be used for treating severe depression and psychosis

It works by inducing seizures by giving electric shocks while under anesthesia and muscle relaxants

22
Q

What is the effect size of ECT?

A

0.91

It works fast, but relapse is likely after 6 months

23
Q

What are the biological treatments of Depression?

A

Antidepressiva such as
TCAs - Tricyclic Antidepr.
SSRIs - Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
SNRIs - Serotonin and Noradrenaline Reauptake Inhibitors

ECT - Electro convulsive therapy
Sleep deprivation
Sport

24
Q

How long do Antidepressants usually take to function?

A

2-4 Weeks

25
Q

What are “normal” side effects of Antidepressiva?

A

Nausea
Headaches
Restlessness
Low Libido
Late/no orgasm
Difficult sleepphasesswitching

26
Q

How do Antidepressiva work?

A

They work by changing the levels of available Serotonin, Dopamine and Noradrenaline in the synaptic gap

27
Q

How is mild depression treated?

A

Counselling
Psychological intervention
NO Medicine
Lifestyle changes:
- Physical activity
- Circadian rhythm
- Stable meals
- Decreased substance use

-> All this treats AND prevents relapse

28
Q

How is Moderate Depression treated?

A

Structured psychotherapy
Sometimes medication

Is 17% better at preventing relapse than Antidepressiva and 36% than waitlist

29
Q

How is Recurrent depressive disorder and Dysthymia treated?

A

Structured psychological interventions AND medication to prevent relapse

30
Q

How is Bipolar depression treated?

A

Usually with Therapy AND Medication (Mood stabilizers)

Psychoeducation
Improving Relational skills
Improving Emotional skills
Improving Stress coping
Medicine Motivating
Recognizing signs for phases
Avoiding substance use
Improving circadian rhythms

31
Q

What are typical Mood stabilizers?

A

Lithium
Lamotrigin (Lamictal)
Valproat
Karbamezepin

32
Q

What is a typical SNRI?

A

Venlafaksin (Effexor)

33
Q

What are typical SSRIs?

A

Escitalopram (Lexapro)
Sertraline (Zoloft)
Citalopram (Celexa)

34
Q

What are the main classes of antidepressiva?

A

SSRI
SNRI
TCA
SNRI
SARI
MAOI

Psykiske lidelser (14 decks)

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