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Psykiske lidelser > Kap 7: Anxieties > Flashcards

Kap 7: Anxieties Flashcards

(47 cards)

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1
Q

What is Anxiety?

A

Excessive, unwanted, innapropriate emotional fear response

With avoidance behavior

Towards something that is not a threat

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2
Q

What is the difference between Anxiety and Fear?

A

Both are emotional responses

Fear is towards a situation one is in
Anxiety is towards future situations

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3
Q

Prevalences of anxiety

A

Life time: 28,8%
12-Month: 18,1%

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4
Q

What is the comorbidity of Anxiety?

A

~50% with mainly Depression

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5
Q

What are the types of Anxieties?

A
  1. Phobias
  2. Social anxiety
  3. PTSD
  4. GAD
  5. Panic Disorder
  6. OCD
    (7. Hypochondria)
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6
Q

How to diagnose Anxieties?

A

Semi structured interviews
-> Anxiety development
-> Health record

Self-report questionnaires for intensity

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7
Q

What are the common child anxieties?

A

Seperation Anxiety
Phobias
Social anxiety

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8
Q

Phobia 12 month prevalence + Gender differences?

A

8,7%, more common with women

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9
Q

Difference between Blood/Needle phobia and other phobias?

A

Blood/Needle lowers blood pressure and heart rate, other phobias increase blood pressure and heart rate

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10
Q

What is a classic phobia treatment?

A

Exposure therapy

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11
Q

What are the most common phobias?

A

Snakes, Airplanes, Heights, Spiders

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12
Q

Definition of a phobia

A

Irrational fear of an object or situation that impairs functioning

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13
Q

Coping of a phobia

A

Avoiding the object/situation as much as possible

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14
Q

What is the 12- month prevalence of social anxiety and are there gender differences?

A

6,8% and no gender differences

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15
Q

What is the definition of social anxiety?

A

Difficulties when others are around and could see or evaluate ones behavior negatively

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16
Q

What is social anxiety connected to?

A

It is connected to low self esteem

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17
Q

Is social anxiety directed towards specific situations?

A

No it is directed to the most social situations, only public speaking for example doesn’t count

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18
Q

What is normal coping of social anxiety?

A

Avoiding social situations, or using alcohol or medication

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19
Q

When does social anxiety often start?

20
Q

What is the definition of GAD?

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A

Having many worries at the same time about differing topics, not being focused on one specific topic!

It usually includes catastrophizing

21
Q

What is the 12 month prevalence of GAD and are there gender differences?

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A

3,1% women are more affected

22
Q

What are common topics to worry about with GAD?

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A

Family, close people, work, other commitments, social relations

23
Q

What are coping strategies of GAD?

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A

Massive planning ahead

Getting reassurance by others

Avoidance of unknown situations

24
Q

What is needed for diagnosing GAD?

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A

Worrying most of the time

Sense of loosing control

For at least 6 months

25
What is the 12 month prevalence of PTSD and gendered lifetime prevalences?
3,5% Women: 10-12% Men: 5-6%
26
PTSD Diagnosis
At least one month has to pass before it can be diagnosed
27
PTSD main traits
Anxiety after (multiple) traumatic event(s) Re-experiencing, nightmares, sleep problems, flashbacks Depression, dissociation Anhedonia, social distancing, survivor guilt Children might play out situations
28
Coping strategies of PTSD
Avoidance of objects that trigger memories General vigilance
29
Normal situations triggering PTSD
War Car crashes/Accidents Rape Terror attacks Natural disaster
30
Factors influencing whether one develops PTSD or not after an event
Closeness to the person Seriousness Length of the situation Social support afterwards How personal the situation was
31
What is the definition of OCD?
Uncomfortable compulsive thoughts that get controlled by compulsive behavior
32
What are coping mechanisms with OCD?
Washing Double checking Mental rituals
33
When are OCD compulsions enough?
When others say so When it feels right When a certain number is reached
34
What are people with OCD afraid of?
Contracting disease Bad events Things are out of order
35
What is the 12 month prevalence of OCD and are there gender differences?
1% no gender differences
36
Which other conditions are related to OCD?
Hoarding (no diagnosis) Body dismorphia (compulsive thoughts about the body) Hypochondria (health anxiety)
37
What is the definition of panic disorder?
Experiencing a sudden panick attack and then developing a fear of having more in the future Often connected to the fear of dying
38
How is panic disorder diagnosed?
Patient has had at least one panic attack Patient has to be afraid of getting them again Panic attacks in the context of another anxiety do not count as panic disorder
39
What is the 12 month prevalence of panic disorder and are there gender differences?
2,7% and women are more affected
40
What is agoraphobia?
The fear of a place and not being able to escape. Together with panic disorder the person is afraid of getting the panic attack in a public space without being able to get help -> it can be understood as a coping mechanism
41
How can panic disorder sustain itsself?
By focusing and interpreting bodyily symptoms one can increase the anxiety which creates a spiral.
42
How is panic disorder treated?
By doing behavioral experiments, because the person misinterprets their bodily signals
43
What does PANDAS stand for? And why should it be checked for?
Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infections Because it can trigger OCD rapidly, when contracted in childhood. It might lead to damaged basal ganglia
44
How does OCD differ from a psychosis?
The patient has insight into their problem and knows that it is a compulsion
45
What is the anxiety called, that appears often together with Panic disorder?
Agoraphobia
46
What is always important in anxieties?
Sustaining factors Safety behaviours
47
What is one way that OCD is mainly treated?
**ERP**: **E**xposure **R**esponse **P**revention

Psykiske lidelser (14 decks)

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