Key Associations Flashcards
(132 cards)
1
Q
Associated with
Actinic (solar) keratosis
A
Precursor to Squamous Cell Carcinoma
2
Q
Associated with
Acute gastric ulcer associated w/ CNS injury
A
Cushing’s ulcer
High ICP –> Vagal gastric secretion
3
Q
Associated with
Acute gastric ulcer associated w/ severe burns
A
Cushing’s ulcer
Reduced plasma volume–>Sloughing of gastric mucosa
4
Q
Associated with
Alternating areas of transmural inflammation and normal colon
A
Skip lesions (Crohn’s disease)
5
Q
Associated with
Aneurysm, dissecting
A
Hypertension
6
Q
Associated with
Aortic aneurysm: Abdominal and Descending aorta
A
Atherosclerosis
7
Q
Associated with
Aortic aneurysm: Arch
A
Tertiary syphillis (syphilitic aortitis) -->Vaso vasorum destruction
8
Q
Associated with
Aortic aneurysm: Ascending
A
Marfan’s Syndrome (idiopathic cystic medial degeneration)
9
Q
Associated with
Atrophy of the mamillary bodies
A
Wernicke’s encephalopathy
Thiamine deficiency–>Ataxia, opthalmoplegia, confusion
10
Q
Associated with
Autosplenectomy (Fibrosis & Shrinkage)
A
Sickle cell anemia (Hemoglobin S)
11
Q
Associated with
Bacteria associated w/ gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and stomach cancer
A
H.pylori
12
Q
Associated with
Bacterial meningitis (Adults and Elderly)
A
Strep Pneumoniae
13
Q
Associated with
Bacterial menigitis (Newborns and Kids)
A
Group B Strep (Newborns)
S. pneumoniae/Neisseria meningitidis (kids)
14
Q
Associated with
Benign melanocytic nevus
A
Spitz nevus (Most common in first two decades)
15
Q
Associated with
Bleeding disorder w/ GpIb deficiency
A
Bernard-Soulier syndrome
Defect in platelet adhesion to von Willebrand factor
16
Q
Associated with
Brain tumor (Adults)
A
Supratentorial:
Metastasis
> Astrocytoma (including Glioblastoma multiforme)
>Meningioma
>Schwannoma
17
Q
Associated with
Brain tumor (Kids)
Infratentorial?
Supratentorial?
A
Infratentorial: Medulloblastoma (cerebellum)
Supratentorial: Craniopharyngioma (Cerebrum)
18
Q
Associated with
Breast cancer
A
Infiltrating ductal carcinoma
In the U.S., 1 in 9 women will develop breast cancer
19
Q
Associated with
Breast mass (benign)
A
Fibroadenoma
20
Q
Associated with
Cardiac primary tumor (Kids)
A
Rhabdomyoma
Often seen in Tuberous sclerosis
21
Q
Associated with
Cardiac manifestation of lupus
A
Libman-Sacks endocarditis
NON-bacterial, affecting BOTH SIDES of MITRAL valve
22
Q
Associated with
Cardiac tumor (adults)
A
Metastasis
Primary Myxoma
(4:1 L atrium to R atrium
“Ball & valve”)
23
Q
Associated with
Cerebellar tonsillar herniation
A
Chiari malformation (Often presents w/ progressive HYDROCEPHALUS or SYRINGIOMYELIA)
24
Q
Associated with
Chronic arrythmia
A
Atrial fibrillation (High risk of emboli)
25
# Associated with
Chronic atrophic gastritis (autoimmune)
Predisposition to gastric cancer
Can cause Pernicious anemia
26
# Associated with
Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina
DES (Diethylstilbestrol) exposure in utero
27
# Associated with
Compression fracture
Osteoporosis
Type I: Postmenopausal women
Type II: Elderly
28
# Associated with
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, hypotension
21-hydroxylase deficiency
29
# Associated with
Congenital cardiac anamoly
VSD
30
# Associated with
Congenital conjugated hyperbilirubinemia
| "Black liver"
Dubin-Johnson syndrome
| hepatocytes can't secrete conjugated bilirubin into bile
31
# Associated with
Constrictive pericarditis
Tuberculosis (developing world)
SLE (developed world)
32
# Associated with
Coronary artery involved in thrombosis
LAD > RCA > LCA
33
# Associated with
Cretinism (Severely stunted growth)
Iodine deficit/Hypothyroidism
34
# Associated with
Cushing's syndrome
Iatrogenic cushing's = Corticosteroid therapy
Adrenocortical adenoma (secretes Cortisol)
ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma
Paraneoplastic cushing's (ACTH secretion by tumors)
35
# Associated with
Cyanosis (early after birth; less common)
Tetralogy of Fallot (PROVe)
Transposition of great vessels
Truncus arteriosis
36
# Associated with
Cyanosis (late after birth; more common)
VSD, ASD, PDA
37
# Associated with
Death in CML
Blast crisis
38
# Associated with
Death in SLE
Lupus nephropathy
39
# Associated with
Dementia
Alzheimer's disease
| Multiple infarcts
40
# Associated with
Demyelinating disease in young women
MS
41
# Associated with
DIC
```
Severe sepsis
Obstetric complications
Cancer
Burns
Trauma
Major surgery
```
42
# Associated with
Dietary deficit
Iron
- ->MICROcytic, HYPOchromic anemia
- ->Plummer-Vinson syndrome
43
# Associated with
Diverticulum in pharynx
Zenker's diverticulum
| Diagnosed by barium swallow
44
# Associated with
Ejection click
Aurtic/pulmonic stenosis
45
# Associated with
Esophageal cancer
Squamous cell carcinoma (Worldwide)
Adenocarcinoma (U.S.)
46
# Associated with
Food poisoning (endotoxin-mediated)
S. Aureus
| B. Cereus
47
# Associated with
Glomerulonephritis (adults)
Berger's disease (IgA nephropathy)
48
# Associated with
Gynecologic malignancy
Endometrial carcinoma (U.S.)
Cervical carcinoma (Worldwide)
49
# Associated with
Heart murmur, congenital
MITRAL valve prolapse
50
# Associated with
Heart valve in bacterial endocarditis
Mitral
>Aortic (rheumatic fever)
>Tricuspid (IV drug abuse)
51
# Associated with
Helminth infection (U.S.)
Enterobius vermicularis
| Ascaris lumbricoides
52
# Associated with
Hematoma: Epidural
Middle Meningeal Artery rupture
Lentiform/Banana
Lucid interval
Trauma
53
# Associated with
Hematoma: Subdural
Bridging Veins rupture
| Crescent
54
# Associated with
Hemochromatosis
Multiple drug transfusions
Hereditary HFE mutation
Can result:
CHF
"Bronze diabetes"
HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA
55
# Associated with
Hereditary bleeding disorder
von Willebrand's disease
56
# Associated with
Hereditary harmless jaundice
Gilbert's syndrome
| Benign, unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia
57
# Associated with
HLA-B27
Ankylosing spondylitis
Reiter's syndrome
UC: Ulcerative colitis
Psoriasis
58
# Associated with
HLA-DR3 or DR4
Diabetes mellitus Type 1
RA
SLE
59
# Associated with
Holosystolic murmur
VSD
Tricuspid regurgitation
Mitral regurgitation
60
# Associated with
Hypercoagulability
Endothelial damage
Blood stasis
Virchow's triad (-->Venous thrombosis)
61
# Associated with
HyPERtension, secondary
Renal disease
62
# Associated with
HyPOparathyroidism
Accidental excision during thyroidectomy
63
# Associated with
HyPOpituitarism
Pituitary adenoma (usually benign)
64
# Associated with
Infection secondary to blood transfusion
Hepatitis C
65
# Associated with
Infective agents in chronic granulomatous disease
Catalase + organisms:
Staph aureus
E. coli
Aspergillus
66
# Associated with
Kidney stones
Calcium = radiOPAQUE
Struvite (Ammonium) = radiOPAQUE
formed by urease positive organisms
Proteus vulgaris
Staphylococcus
Uric acid = radioLUCENT
67
# Associated with
Late cyanotic shunt
| Uncorrected L-->R becomes R-->L
Eisenmenger's syndrome
Cause by ASD, VSD, PDA
Results in:
PULMONARY HYPERTENSION &
POLYCYTHEMIA
68
# Associated with
Liver disease
Alcoholic cirrhosis
69
# Associated with
Lysosomal storage disease
Gaucher's
70
# Associated with
Male cancer
Prostatic carcinoma
71
# Associated with
Malignancy associated w/ NONinfectious fever
Hodgkin's lymphoma
72
# Associated with
Malignancy (kids)
ALL
| Medulloblastoma (cerebellum)
73
# Associated with
Mental retardation
Down Syndrome
| Fragile X
74
# Associated with
Metastases from bone
Prostate, breast
> Lung
> Thyroid, testes
75
# Associated with
Metastases from brain
```
Lung
>Breast
>Genitourinary
>Osteosarcoma
>Melanoma
>GI
```
76
# Associated with
Metastases from liver
Colon
>> Stomach
> Pancreas
77
# Associated with
Mitochondrial inheritance
Disease occurs in both males & females
Inherited through females only
Most mutations related to ETC
78
# Associated with
Mitral valve stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
79
# Associated with
Mixed (UMN and LMN) motor neuron disease
ALS
80
# Associated with
Myocarditis
Coxackie B
81
# Associated with
Nephrotic syndrome (Adults)
Focal segmental sclerosis
82
# Associated with
Nephrotic syndrome (Kids)
Minimal change disease
83
# Associated with
Neuron migration failure
Kallmann syndrome
(HyPOgonadotropic hyPOgonadism
& anosmia (can't smell)
84
# Associated with
Nosocomial pneumonia
Klebsiella
E. coli
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
85
# Associated with
Obstruction of male urinary tract
BPH
86
# Associated with
Opening snap
Mitral stenosis
87
# Associated with
Opportunistic infection in AIDS
Pneumocystis jirovecii
88
# Associated with
Osteomyelitis
S. aureus
89
# Associated with
Osteomyelitis in Sickle cell disease
Salmonella
90
# Associated with
Osteomyelitis w/ IV drug use
Pseudomonas
| S. Aureus
91
# Associated with
Ovarian metastasis from gastric carcinoma or breast cancer
Krukenberg tumor
| Mucin-secreting SIGNET-RING cells
92
# Associated with
Ovarian tumor (benign, bilateral)
Serous cystadenoma
93
# Associated with
Ovarian tumor (malignant)
Serous cystadenocarcinoma
94
# Associated with
Pancreatitis (Acute)
Gallstones
| Alcohol
95
# Associated with
Pancreatitis (Chronic)
Alcohol (Adults)
Cystic Fibrosis (Kids)
96
# Associated with
Patient demographic w:
ALL
CLL
AML
CML
ALL: Child
CLL: Adult >60
AML: Adult ~65
CML: Adult 30-60
97
# Associated with
PID: Pelvic inflammatory disease
Chlamydia trachomatis
| Neisseria gonorrhoeae
98
# Associated with
Philadelphia chromosome (9;22) (brc-abl)
CML (Sometimes associated w/ ALL/AML)
99
# Associated with
Pituitary tumor
Prolactinoma
| (Somatotropic "acidophilic" adenoma)
100
# Associated with
Primary amenorrhea
Turner syndrome (XO)
101
# Associated with
Primary bone tumor (adults)
Multiple Myeloma
102
# Associated with
Primary hyPERaldosteronism
Adenoma of adrenal cortex
103
# Associated with
Primary hyPERparathyroidism
Adenomas, hyperplasia, carcinoma
104
# Associated with
Primary liver cancer
```
Hepatocellular carcinoma
from:
Chronic hepatitis
Cirrhosis
Hemachromatosis
a1 antitrypsin deficiency
```
105
# Associated with
Pulmonary hypertension
COPD
106
# Associated with
Recurrent inflammation/thrombosis of small or medium vessels in extremities
Buerger's disease
| Strongly associated w/ TOBACCO
107
# Associated with
Renal tumor
Renal cell carcinoma:
Associated w/ von Hippel-Lindau
& with cigarette smoking
Paraneoplastic syndromes created by renal cell carcinoma:
Erythropoietin
PTH
ACTH
108
# Associated with
R Heart failure due to a pulmonary cause
Cor pulmonale
109
# Associated with
S3 (Protodiastolic gallop)
High ventricular filling
LV failure (CHF)
Mitral regurgitation
L-->R shunt
110
# Associated with
S4 (Presystolic gallop)
Stiff/hypertrophic ventricle
Aortic stenosis
Restrictive cardiomyopathy
111
# Associated with
Secondary HYPERparathyroidism
Caused by HyPOcalcemia of chronic kidney disease
112
# Associated with
Sexually transmitted disease
Chlamydia (usually coinfected w/ gonorrhea)
113
# Associated with
SIADH
Small cell carcinoma of the lung (causes SIADH)
114
# Associated with
Site of diverticula
Sigmoid colon
115
# Associated with
Sites of atherosclerosis
Abdominal aorta
> Coronary artery
> Popliteal artery
> Carotid artery
116
# Associated with
Stomach cancer
Adenocarcinoma
117
# Associated with
Stomach ulcerations & high gastrin levels
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
| Gastrinoma of DUODENUM or PANCREAS
118
# Associated with
t(14;18)
Follicular lymphomas
| bcl-2 activation
119
# Associated with
t(8;14)
Burkitt's lymphoma
| c-myc activation
120
# Associated with
t(9;22)
CML
Philadelphia chromosome
brc-able Tyrosine kinase
121
# Associated with
Temporal arteritis
Polymyalgia rheumatica
Risk of IPSILATERAL blindness
due to thrombosis of OPTHALMIC ARTERY
122
# Associated with
Testicular tumor
Seminoma
123
# Associated with
Thyroid cancer
Papillary carcinoma
124
# Associated with
Tumor in women
Leiomyoma
| Estrogen-dependent; not precancerous
125
# Associated with
Tumor of infancy
Hemangioma
| usually regresses spontaneously by childhood
126
# Associated with
Tumor of the adrenal medulla (Adults)
Pheochromocytoma (usually benign)
127
# Associated with
Tumor of the adrenal medulla (Kids)
Neuroblastoma (malignant)
128
# Associated with
Type of Hodgkin's
Nodular sclerosis
| vs. mixed cellularity, lymphocytic predominance, lymphocytic depletion
129
# Associated with
Type of non-Hodgkins
Diffuse Large Cell
130
# Associated with
UTI
```
E.coli
Staph saprophyticus (young women)
```
131
# Associated with
Viral encephalitis affecting TEMPORAL LOBE
HSV-1
132
# Associated with
Vitamin deficiency (U.S.)
Folate
| Pregnant women at high risk; body only stores 3-to-4-month supply; prevents NEURAL TUBE DEFECTS
