key concepts Flashcards
(30 cards)
acrosome is..
an organelle in the tip of a sperm that contains enzymes
active site is..
a specific region on an enzyme where the substrate binds and the reaction takes place
active transport is…
the movement of substrates from a low area of concentration to a higher area of concentration, across a membrane
Benedict’s test is..
a chemical test to test for reducing sugars, it produces a different colour based on the amount of reducing sugars present
carbohydrates are…
a large molecule that is synthesised from simple sugars
a cell is..
the basic building block for living organsims
a cell membrane is…
a partially permeable barrier that surrounds the cell
a cell wall is…
an outer layer make of cellulose that strengthens plant cells
a chloroplast is…
an organelle that is the active site of photosynthesis
the average amount of chromosomes is..
23 pairs, 46 chromosomes.
cilia is..
hair like structures found on ciliated epithelial cells
denaturation is…
the permanent change in shape of an enzymes active site that prevents the binding of a substrate
what can cause denaturation?
exposure to high temperatures or extreme pH
what is diffusion?
the net spreading out of particles or gasses from a high concentration to a lower concentration , down the concentration gradient
a diploid cell is…
a cell that contains two copies of each chromosome
an enzyme is…
a biological catalyst that increases the rate of reactions in living organsims
an eukaryotic cell is
a type of cell found in plants and animals that contains a necleus
what is flagella and where is it found
- a long hair like structure
- found in bacteria cells
haploid cell is…
a cell containing a single copy of each chromosome
what is an iodine test?
a chemical test that produces a black/blue colour when added to a sample containing starch
what are lipases?
enzymes that break down lipids into fatty acids and glycerol
micrometer (um) =
1 um = x10^-6 metre
osmosis is…
movement of water through a partially permeable membrane , from an area of high concentration to an area of low water concentration
mitochondria is..
an organelle that is the site of respiration
