key facts and figures 1941-53 Flashcards
(106 cards)
1
Q
Troops captured at Kiev
A
665,000
2
Q
How many German troops invaded the USSR?
A
3 million
3
Q
Soviets attempt peace negotiations but ignored by Hitler
A
15th October 1941
4
Q
Germans halted at Stalingrad
A
October 1942
5
Q
Siege of Leningrad
A
September 1941 –> January 1944
6
Q
German advance on Moscow halts
A
December 1941
First sign of German hesitation
7
Q
Bombardment of Stalingrad
A
August 1942 –> February 1943
8
Q
Battle of Prokhorovka
A
July 1943
9
Q
Kursk offensive called off
A
July 1943
10
Q
Liberation of Kiev
A
November 1943
11
Q
Tehran summit
A
November 1943
12
Q
Soviet troops enter Poland
A
January 1944
13
Q
Siege of Leningrad ends
A
January 1944
14
Q
Stavka formed
A
23 June 1941 (1 day after the German invasion)
15
Q
Grand alliance with Great Britain began
A
June 1941 after the German invasion
16
Q
Grand alliance with the US began
A
December 1942 after Pearl Harbour
17
Q
Rostige liberated by the Red Army
A
February 1943
18
Q
Launch of Operation Citadel
A
July 1943
19
Q
Vilnius (Lithuania) captured by the Red Army
A
July 1944
20
Q
Soviet siege of Budapest
A
December 1944 –> Feb 1945
21
Q
Number of time Kharkiv (Ukraine) changed hands (and some dates)
A
4
First overrun Oct 1941, liberated August 1943
22
Q
Trains used in the movement of factories (numbers)
A
- 3000 a day took steel equipment from the Dnieper area
- 3000 per day in the electrical industry
- 25,000 a week shifted factories from the Ukraine
- 80,000 wagons moved 500 factories from Moscow
23
Q
Battle for Berlin casualties
A
USSR: 80,000
Germany: 150,000
24
Q
Red Army win final battle for Berlin
A
2 May 1945
25
Germans surrender unconditionally to the USSR
May 1945
26
Hitler's suicide
April 1945
27
How many people volunteered for citizens' defense in 1941?
4 million
28
Soviet citizens killed in WWII
At least 20 million
29
Postwar mining, steel production and electricity levels
~1/2 of 1940 levels in 1945
30
Military expenditure 1952
25% of total expenditure
31
Ukraine's industrial output 1950
Higher than before the war
32
4th 5YP launched
March 1946
33
Average Soviet incomes 1948
Back to 1938 levels
34
Production of steel, coal, oil, cement, electricity under the 4th 5YP
More being produced in 1950 than 1940
35
Cotton fabric, wool fabric and sugar production under the 4th 5YP
Back to pre-war production figures by 1950
36
The driest year since 1891
1946
37
Food production 1945
60% of 1940 levels
38
Collective farms destroyed during the war
98,000
39
Deaths in the famine 1946-47
~1.5 million
40
Ban on selling food from kolkhozniks' private plots reintroduced
1948
41
Dresden bombed
February 1945
42
Number of people who fled as a result of Soviet victory
12 million (many ethnic Germans) as the Red Army advanced westwards
43
Soviet citizens in the armed forces dead
7.5 million
44
Change in size of the armed forces
1948 --> 53: 2.8 mill --> 4.9 mill
45
Change in military expenditure
18% --> 25% of total expenditure
1950 --> 52
46
Coal production 1940,45,50
1940: 165.9
1945: 149.3
1950: 261.1
(million tonnes)
47
Oil production 1940,45,50
1940: 31.1
1945: 19.4
1950: 37.9
(million tonnes)
48
Horses killed/lost during the war
7 million
49
Cattle killed/lost during the war
17 million
50
Pigs killed/lost during the war
20 million
51
Sheep killed/lost during the war
27 million
52
Tractors lost during the war
137,000
53
Combine harvesters lost during the war
49,000
54
Grain production 1940,1947,1950,1952
1940: 95.6
1947: 65.9
1950: 81.2
1952: 92.2
(million tonnes)
55
Cotton production 1940 and 1952
2.2 --> 3.8 (million tonnes)
56
Change in proportion of land under cultivation
75% in 1945 compared to 1940
57
Cattle 1940-52
1940: 28 million
1952: 25 million
58
In what period were there no Party congresses?
1939-59
59
Percentage of returned POWs sent to the gulags
15% of 1.8 million
60
Marriage to foreigners outlawed
1947
61
Wartime survivors sent to the gulag
12 million
62
The Leningrad Affair
1940s - early 1950s
63
The 'Mingrelian Case'
1951
64
Yalta and Potsdam summit conferences
1945
65
Marshall Plan and 'Truman Doctrine'
1947
66
Communist coup in Czechoslovakia
1948
67
Berlin blockade
June 1948 - May 1949
68
Successful test of the Soviet atom bomb
August 1949
69
Stalins death
March 1953
70
Soviet soldiers
7.5 million
71
Provisional government set up in Lublin (Poland)
1945
72
Eastern Germany a Soviet zone of occupation
1945
73
Moscow-trained communists in political control of eastern Germany
1946
74
Hungary a satellite state
1947 ('salami tactics')
75
Czechoslovakia a satellite state
1948 ('salami tactics')
76
Baltic States satellite states
Occupied 1940 (Nazi-Soviet Pact)
77
Eastern Poland a satellite state
Annexed 1939 (Nazi-Soviet Pact)
78
Yugoslavia a satellite state
Communists gained control 1945
79
'The Long Telegram'
1946
80
NATO formed
1949
81
US reveals atomic bomb
1945
82
Polish army officers killed in the Katyn Forest Massacre
22,000
83
Katyn Forest Massacre
April-May 1940
84
Roosevelt's death
April 1945
85
Marshall Plan announced
June 1947
86
Total tons of cargo carried into Berlin during the airlift
2.3 million
87
Change in tonnes of supplies per day during the airlift
Initially: 5,000
By the end: 8,000
88
Civilian deaths in the war
~12 million, 1/8 of pop alive before the war dead by 1945
89
Towns and cities destroyed in the war
1700
90
Villages destroyed in the war
70,000
91
Babi Yar massacre
Sept 1941
92
How many Jews were shot at Babi Yar?
34,000
93
Military personnel executed for treason during the war
170,000
94
Tartar deportation
May 1944, 24,000 to Uzbekistan
95
Change in size of the Red Army over the course of WWII
1941: 4.8 million soldiers
+29.5 million over course of war
96
Number of factories moved from Moscow
500
97
Number of trains used to transport factories
20,000
98
American trucks supplied through the Lend-Lease scheme
300,000
99
Deaths during Siege of Leningrad
800,000 civilians, 90% of civilian population
100
Deaths in Battle of Stalingrad
800,000
Same amount of British and US troops that died during the whole war
101
Industry 1945
Reduced by 66%
102
How many people were homeless in 1945?
25 million
103
Percentage of government investment that went to heavy industry during the fourth 5YP
88%
104
DELETE
DELETE
105
The rouble in 1947
Had devalued by approx 90%
106
Grain production 1952
Back to pre-war levels
95 --> 92 (million tons) 1940-53
