Key-numbers Flashcards
1
Q
Puberty (months)
Horse
A
16-18 months
2
Q
Puberty (months)
Cattle
A
5-6 months
3
Q
Puberty (months)
Goat
A
6-8 months
4
Q
Puberty (months)
Sheeps
A
6-8 months
5
Q
Puberty (months)
Cat
A
6-8 months
6
Q
Puberty (months)
Dog
A
6-9 months
7
Q
Breed maturity (months) Horse
A
Over 2 years. 3-5 years
8
Q
Breed maturity (months) Cattle
A
15-24
9
Q
Breed maturity (months) Goat
A
7-12
10
Q
Breed maturity (months) Sheep
A
7-12
11
Q
Breed maturity (months) Cat
A
7-12
12
Q
Breed maturity (months) Dog
A
7-12
13
Q
Puberty (months)
Swine
A
5-17
14
Q
Breed maturity (months) Swine
A
6-18/6-8 Over 90-100kg
15
Q
Sexual cycle (oestrus cycle) Days Horse
A
21-22
16
Q
Sexual cycle (oestrus cycle) Days Cattle
A
21
17
Q
Sexual cycle (oestrus cycle) Days Sheep
A
18
18
Q
Sexual cycle (oestrus cycle) Days Goat
A
21-22
19
Q
Sexual cycle (oestrus cycle) Days Swine
A
21
20
Q
Sexual cycle (oestrus cycle) Days Dog
A
4-9(6) months
21
Q
Sexual cycle (oestrus cycle) Days Cat
A
10-14 days (monophasic)
35-40 days (Polyphasic)
22
Q
Heat duration (days/hours) Horse
A
5-6 days
23
Q
Heat duration (days/hours) Cattle
A
16-36 hours
24
Q
Heat duration (days/hours) Sheep
A
24-36 hours
25
```
Heat duration (days/hours)
Goat
```
24-36 hours
26
```
Heat duration (days/hours)
Swine
```
3-4 days
27
```
Heat duration (days/hours)
Dog
```
9-15 days
28
```
Heat duration (days/hours)
Cat
```
3-5 days
29
```
Pregnancy duration (days)
Horse
```
335
30
```
Pregnancy duration (days)
Cattle
```
285
31
```
Pregnancy duration (days)
Sheep
```
150
32
```
Pregnancy duration (days)
Goat
```
150
33
```
Pregnancy duration (days)
Swine
```
114
34
```
Pregnancy duration (days)
Dog
```
63
35
```
Pregnancy duration (days)
Cat
```
61
36
```
Lactation duration (days)
Horse
```
180-200
37
```
Lactation duration (days)
Cattle
```
240-305
38
```
Lactation duration (days)
Sheep
```
150-250
39
```
Lactation duration (days)
Goat
```
150-250
40
```
Lactation duration (days)
Swine
```
40-50
41
```
Lactation duration (days)
Dog
```
50-60
42
```
Lactation duration (days)
Cat
```
50-60
43
1st portpart heat (days/weeks)
| Horse
5-9 days
44
1st portpart heat (days/weeks)
| Cattle
5-6 weeks
45
1st portpart heat (days/weeks)
| Sheep
3-6 weeks
46
1st portpart heat (days/weeks)
| Goat
3-6 weeks
47
1st portpart heat (days/weeks)
| Swine
3-9 th after day at weaning
48
1st portpart heat (days/weeks)
| Dog
6 month interwall
49
1st portpart heat (days/weeks)
| Cat
12-16 hours (Photoperiod) at weaning finished
50
Domestication HORSE + Use
4000 BC
SE-EUROPE
- Tarpan (extinct)
- Prezvalski (Taki)
USE: Meat, dairy, sports, pack animals
51
Domestication CATTLE + Use
(Bos Primigenius Indicus/taurus)
8000 BC
SE-EUROPE
- Aurochs
USE: Meat, dairy, leather, draught
52
Domestication SHEEP + use
9-11000 BC
SW-ASIA
- Red wild sheep
USE: Meat (mutton, lamb), dairy, wool, leather
53
Domestication GOAT + use
10000 BC
SW-ASIA
- Bezoar goat
USE: Meat, dairy, leather, wool, light draught
54
Domestication SWINE
8-9000 BC
SE-ASIA
- Wild Boar
55
Domestication DOG + use
> 15000 BC
MESOPOTAMIA (irak?)
- Wolf (grey)
USE: Herding, searching, protection, companion, meat(china), gathering-
56
Domestication CAT + use
8000 BC
EGYPT
- Nubian wild cat
Use: Pest controll
57
Domestication of Poultry foul
| Chicken/Hen + use
6000 BC
INDIA
- Red Ungle fowl
Use: Meat, Egg
58
Domestication of Poultry foul
| Goose + use
4000 BC
CHINA/ SW-ASIA
- Greylag goose
Use: Meat, egg + Liver
59
Domestication of Poultry foul
| Duck + use
2000 BC
CHINA
- Muskovy/Mallard
Use: Meat, egg
60
Domestication of Poultry foul
| Turkey + use
1000 BC
MEXICO
- Mexican Turkey
Use: Meat
61
Domestication of Poultry foul
| Pidgeon + use
5000 BC
MEDITERANIAN COAST
- Rock pidgeon (Dove)
Use: Meat, sport, Hobby
62
The term UNIPOROUS
Producing a single offspring at a birth
63
The term LOW REPRODUCTION POTENTIAL
Means that a population cannot recover quickly after following population decline
64
The term BIPHASIC
Having 2 phases
65
The term HEAT/ESTRUS
Female is receptive for mating and fertile
66
The term FOAL HEAT
Fist oestrus/heat after foaling, approx 9th day after. 50% fertile
67
The term HYPERAEMIC
Increased blood flow to different organs and tissue
68
The term INDUCED OVULATION
The female animal ovulates due to external derived stimulus during/prior to mating. EG. CATS! Female does not ovulate unless bred.
69
Comparison of milk components in dairy animals
Water+Drymatter
Sheep
79,9 % W
| 20,1 % DM
70
Comparison of milk components in dairy animals
Water+Drymatter
GOAT
86% W
| 14% DM
71
Comparison of milk components in dairy animals
Water+Drymatter
CATTLE
87,7% W
| 12,3% DM
72
Comparison of milk components in dairy animals
FAT
SHEEP
7,2 %
73
Comparison of milk components in dairy animals
FAT
GOAT
4,46%
74
Comparison of milk components in dairy animals
FAT
CATTLE
3,61%
75
Comparison of milk components in dairy animals
PROTEIN
SHEEP
6,5%
76
Comparison of milk components in dairy animals
PROTEIN
GOAT
4,4%
77
Comparison of milk components in dairy animals
PROTEIN
CATTLE
3,29%
78
Comparison of milk components in dairy animals
F/P
Sheep
0,9
79
Comparison of milk components in dairy animals
F/P
GOAT
0,96
80
Comparison of milk components in dairy animals
| F/P
0,91
81
Comparison of milk components in dairy animals
LACTOSE
Sheep
5,4
82
Comparison of milk components in dairy animals
LACTOSE
Goat
4,2
83
Comparison of milk components in dairy animals
LACTOSE
Cattle
4,65
84
Comparison of milk components in dairy animals
ASH
Sheep
1,0
85
Comparison of milk components in dairy animals
ASH
GOAT
0,8
86
Comparison of milk components in dairy animals
ASH
CATTLE
0,75
87
Water + Drymatter = ?
100%
88
Dry matter = ?
FAT
PROTEIN
LACTOSE
ASH
89
Nr of offsprings (Littersize)
| HORSE/Mare
1
| Twin is rare
90
Nr of offsprings (Littersize)
| CATTLE/Cow
1 (Rarely, up to 5% twinning, 90% chimeras, females of diff sex = Free martins)
91
Nr of offsprings (Littersize)
| Goat/Sheep
1(-2)
92
Nr of offsprings (Littersize)
| Pig/Sow
6-14 (8-10)
93
Nr of offsprings (Littersize)
| Dog
2-12 (6-8)
94
Nr of offsprings (Littersize)
| Cat
4-10
95
POULTRY - Puberty (Breeding age) in weeks
| Chicken
24-26 (28-30)
96
POULTRY - Puberty (Breeding age) in weeks
| Goose
35-38 (40-45)
97
POULTRY - Puberty (Breeding age) in weeks
| Duck
18-26 (2-4th week after puberty)
98
POULTRY - Puberty (Breeding age) in weeks
| Turkey
16 weeks
99
POULTRY - Puberty (Breeding age) in weeks
| Pidgeon
?
100
POULTRY - Egg/Year
| Chicken
100-300
101
POULTRY - Egg/Year
| Goose
12-70
102
POULTRY - Egg/Year
| Duck
100-300
103
POULTRY - Egg/Year
| Turkey
80-110
104
POULTRY - Egg/Year
| Pidgeon
2 per brood = approx 16
105
POULTRY - Weight
| Chicken
60-63 g
106
POULTRY - Weight
| Goose
120-200g
107
POULTRY - Weight
| Duck
60-100g
108
POULTRY - Weight
| Turkey
80-90g
109
POULTRY - Weight
| Pidgeon
20-22g (7-8 * 2 eggs annually)
110
POULTRY - Colour
| Chicken
Brown/White
111
POULTRY - Colour
| Goose
Grayish /white
112
POULTRY - Colour
| Duck
White
113
POULTRY - Colour
| Turkey
Freckled
114
POULTRY - Incubation (days)
| Chicken
21
115
POULTRY - Incubation (days)
| Goose
30
116
POULTRY - Incubation (days)
| Duck
28
117
POULTRY - Incubation (days)
| Turkey
28
118
POULTRY - Incubation (days)
| Pidgeon
17
119
POULTRY -Laying period Goose
4-5 months
120
POULTRY -Laying period Duck
8-10 months
121
POULTRY -Laying period Pidgeons
7-8 cycles
122
The term PREPOTENT
Showing great effectiveness in transmitting heriditiary characteristics to its offsprings
123
The term INTROGRESSION
The transfer of genetic information from one species to another as a result of hybridization between them and backcrossing.
124
The term HETEROSIS/Hybrid-vigour
The tendency of a crossbred individual to show qualities superior to those of both parents
125
The term BACKCROSS
Cross ( a hybrid) with one of its parents with the same genetic characteristics or an individual genetically similar to its parent, in order to achieve a offspring with a genetic identity which is closer to that of the parent.
126
The term OUTCROSS
Breed with no closely relations
127
Sheep chromosome nr
Wild: 2n 54
Domestic: 2n 54-58
128
Goat chromosome nr
2n=60
129
Sheep/Goat mixed
Wild sheep * Dom sheep = WORKS
Wild goat * Dom goat = WORKS
INTERSP. HYBRIDS:
MALE sheep / FEMALE goat = WORKS
MALE goat / FEMALE sheep = NO
130
BREEDING METHODS - HORSE
1. Mating system: Natural or AI (thorough bred nature)
2. Selection:
- Sport horses
- Meat/milk production
3. Purebreeding
- Innbreading/Line breeding
4. Crossbreeding
- Breed refreshment
- Single crossing
- Grading up
131
BREEDING METHODS - CATTLE
1. Mating system:
- Natural (beef)
- AI: Predominantly dairy breed
2. Selection:
- Meat/milk production
3. Purebreeding
- Innbreading/Line breeding
4. Crossbreeding
- Terminal crossing
- 2 or 3 breed cross
- Rotational crossing
132
BREEDING METHODS - GOAT and SHEEP
1. Mating system:
- Natural (massbreed/Flock)
- AI
2. Selection: Depend on PURPOSE
- Lamb (mutton) production
- Wool
- Milking method
- Fur (only a few breed appropriate)
3. Purebreeding
- Innbreading/Line breeding
4. Crossbreeding
- Terminal crossing
- 2 or 3 breed cross
- Rotational crossing
133
BREEDING METHODS - SWINE
1. Mating system:
- Natural (Harem/stud)
- AI
2. Purebreeding
- Innbreading/Line breeding
3. Crossbreeding
- Terminal crossing
- Grading up (rare)
- Rotational crossing
134
BREEDING METHODS - DOG and CAT
1. Mating system:
- Mating or AI
2. Purebreeding
- Innbreading/Line breeding
3. Crossbreeding
- Outcrossing (like-to-like)
- Grading up (unlike-to-unlike)
