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AP EURO EXAM > Key Terms > Flashcards

Key Terms Flashcards

(50 cards)

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0
Q

Humanism

A

-study classics

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1
Q

Christian Humanism

A

-humanism + religion

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2
Q

Vernacular

A

-common everyday language of the people

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3
Q

New Monarchs

A

-create armies, hinder nobles, negotiate w church

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4
Q

Taille

A

-tax on french peasants

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5
Q

Reconquista

A

-centuries long Christian conquest of Spain from the Muslims

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6
Q

Indulgence

A

-$ -> lessen time in purgatory or cancel it

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7
Q

Anabaptist

A
  • only adults should be baptized

- church =/= state

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8
Q

Predestination

A

-God already chose who’ll be saved and who’ll be dammed

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9
Q

Huguenots

A

-French Calvinist Protestants

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10
Q

Politiques

A

-rulers who put political necessities before personal beliefs

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11
Q

Colombian Exchange

A

-interchange of plants animals diseases & human populations between old & new world

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12
Q

Mercantilism

A
  • less imports

- boost exports to make more independent economy

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13
Q

Putting- Out System

A

-entrepreneur beings materials to rural people who work on them from home

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14
Q

Joint-Stock Company

A

-multi investors raise $ for venture too lg for any to take on own, share profits

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15
Q

Absolutism

A

-ruler has sole power

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16
Q

Divine Right Of Kings

A

-rulers get authority from God & are only answerable to God

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17
Q

Intendants

A

-Kings reps in a territory

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18
Q

Fronde

A

-nobles & peasants rebel against royal authority in France

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19
Q

Robot

A

-forced labor of presents

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20
Q

Junkers

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A

-landowning nobles in Prussia

21
Q

Scientific Method

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A

-use logic and experiments to find reg patterns in nature and describe them w natl laws & math forms

22
Q

Philosophes

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A

-intellectuals/writers who stressed reason, freedom of expression, religious toleration, reformed legal syst

23
Q

Deism

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A

-God made universe then left it alone

24
General Will
-desire of all people
25
Enlightened Despotism
-ruler uses power for good of the people
26
Enclosure Movement
- landowners had to consolidate & enclose lands | - made the poor move to city for work in factories
27
Agricultural Revolution
-advances in agriculture, scientific and organized syst of agriculture
28
Physiocrats
- French economists led by François Quesnay | - critics of merchantalism, called for free trade
29
Invisible Hand
- coined by Adam Smith | - self-regulating nature of a free marketplace
30
Parlements
- French regional courts - hereditary nobles dominated - right to register royal decrees before they became laws
31
Girondins
-moderate republican faction in French Revolution 1791-1793
32
Jacobins
- leader: Maximilien Robespierre others: Jean-Paul Marat, Georges-Jacques Danton, Comte de Mirabeau - Reign of Terror
33
Sans-Culottes
- working people of Paris | - supported radical politics
34
Levee en Mass
- conscripting males into army (French) | - new type of military force = mass participation, fully mobilized economy
35
Thermidiran Reaction
-antiradicalism reaction of French Revolution
36
Legitimacy
-rulers who were driven from their thrones should get their power back
37
Balance of Power
-weak countries join together & match the power of a stronger country
38
Liberalism
- rep gov - min gov interference - religious toleration - civil liberties
39
Conservatism
- legit monarchies - aristocracies - established churches - gradual change - maintain status quo
40
Nationalism
-nations = group of people who share traditions, language, history Chief Ideas: -sense of belonging/duty to a nation -enhanced by common culture, history, language, and political beliefs
41
Romanticism
Major Characteristics: - about rebellion, risks, & powerful emotions - a reaction to the Enlightenment - inspired by the French Revolution & the Industrial Revolution - gothic and medicinal motion - love = driving force - emotions over reason - live recklessly, die young - escape
42
Chartism
-demands by British workers late 1830s -demands: universal manhood suffrage secret ballots equal electoral districts salaries for House of Commons members
43
Zollverein
- created in 1834 -> industrial growth - #1 source of Prussia/Austria tension - excluded Austria - 1852: all German states except Austria were in the Zollverein - basis for a German state without Austria - foundation for upcoming political union
44
Carbonari
-secret revolutionary society in 1820s that wanted to unite Italy
45
Luddites
- social movement against Industrial Revolution's changes - British textile artisans - thought new industrial machinery would cost them their jobs - tried to destroy some machinery
46
Utilitarianism
- "the greatest happiness for the greatest number" | - should be applied to each nation's gov, econmy, and judicial syst
47
Utopian Socialists
- early 1800s socialists who wanted to replace capitalist structure w/ planned communities, cooperation - leading: Charles Fourier, Luis Blanc, both belived property should be communally owned
48
Marxism
- focuses on social conflict and the relationship between classes - h
49
Marxism
- focuses on social conflict and the relationship between classes - history = result of class conflict, will end in triumph of industrial proletariat over the bourgeoisie, new classless society w/o private property

AP EURO EXAM (6 decks)

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