Flashcards in key terms Deck (31)
Loading flashcards...
1
disease
condition that impairs normal functioning of an organism
2
pathogens
organism that causes the disease, bacteria fungi virus protoctista
3
communicable disease
disease that can spread between organisms
4
antigens
molecules usually proteins or polysaccharides on surface of cell
5
antibiotics
chemicals that kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria
6
biodiversity
variety of living organism in an area
7
species
group of similar organisms that are able to reproduce to give fertile offspring
8
habitat
where an organism lives
9
polymorphism
loud with 2 or more alleles
10
keystone specie
specie on which many other species of an ecosystem depend on
11
taxonomy
the study of classification
12
phylogeny
study of evolutionary history of organisms
13
gene
a sequence of DNA bases that codes for a protein and results in a characteristic eg eye colour
14
allele
different version of a gene, most animals have 2 alleles of each gene one maternal and one paternal, bases in each allele are slightly different, code for different version of the same characteristic represented by letters eg allele brown eyes: B allele blue eyes: b
15
genotype
the allele an organism has eg BB or Bb or bb
16
phenotype
characteristics alleles produce eg blue eyes
17
dominant allele
characteristics appear in phenotype even when there is only one copy, represented by capital letter
18
recessive allele
characteristics appear in phenotype only of two copies are present, eg bb
19
codominant allele
both expressed in phenotype eg alleles for haemoglobin
20
locus
fixed position of a gene on a chromosome
21
homozygote
an organism that carries two copies of the same allele eg BB or bb
22
heterozygote
an organism that cattier two different alleles eg Bb
23
carrier
an organism carrying an allele that is not expressed in their phenotype but that can be passed on to offspring.
24
gene pool
complete range of alleles in a population
25
allele frequency
how often al allele occurs given in percentage 35% or 0.35
26
speciation
development of new species
27
population
all organisms of one specie in an habitat
28
producers
organisms that produce organic molecules using sun light energy eg plants
29
consumers
organism that eats other organisms eg. animals and birds
30
decomposer
organism that breaks down dead or undigested organic material eg bacteria and fungi
31
