Key terms, chapter 10

Question 1

Anaphylaxis

Answer 1

A life threatening allergic reaction that produces shock through vasodilation and fluid shifts with the potential for asphyxia

Question 2

Anatomical dead space

Answer 2

The amount or air left in the lung after exasperation
Gases are present, but no mechanical exchange of gases with the blood.

Question 3

Apoptosis

Answer 3

Cell deaths caused by genetic programming of a cell to eliminate damage cells

Question 4

Asphyxiation

Answer 4

Being deprived of oxygen

Question 5

Atelectasis

Answer 5

Complete or partial collapse of the alveoli

Question 6

Cardiomyopathy

Answer 6

A disorder of the heart in which the muscle is enlarged and unable to function effectively

Question 7

Clinical impression

Answer 7

Preliminary determination of the patient’s problem based on history s/s and the EMS providers, knowledge and clinical reasoning to the problem

Question 8

Compensated shock

Answer 8

Low blood volume, but still able to maintain a blood pressure and organ perfusion.
Blood is is pulled into the vital organs.

Question 9

Decompensated shock

Answer 9

Low blood volume where the body is unable to maintain blood pressure or adequate perfusion to the vital organs.

Question 10

Defibrillation

Answer 10

An electrical current through the heart to terminate VFib or pulseless VTach

Question 11

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)

Answer 11

Hyperglycemia, where a patient is dehydrated, acidic and has electrolyte imbalances

Question 12

Dysrhythmia

Answer 12

Any irregular rhythm that does not originate from the SA node

Question 13

Hemorrhagic shock

Answer 13

Inadequate tissue perfusion caused by blood loss

Question 14

Hyperpyrexia

Answer 14

Oh hi fever above 41.1°C or 106°F.

Question 15

Hypothermia

Answer 15

Body temperature is lower than normal

Question 16

Hypoxia

Answer 16

Low blood flow to the tissue or low oxygen content in the blood

Question 17

Irreversible shock

Answer 17

The terminal phase of shock

Question 18

Ischemia

Answer 18

Lack of blood flow to tissues

Question 19

Ischemic phase

Answer 19

Capillaries constrict to divert blood away from peripheral tissue and the gastrointestinal system.

Question 20

Lactic acid

Answer 20

The chemical produced by anaerobic shock that causes acidosis

Question 21

Metabolic acidosis

Answer 21

Decreased pH and bicarbonate levels in the blood

Question 22

Pathology

Answer 22

The study of disease states

Question 23

Pathophysiology

Answer 23

The study of the impact in the body’s response to the disease state

Question 24

Pneumothorax

Answer 24

Collapse lung
A collection of air within the pleural cavity, but outside the lung

Question 25

Pulmonary embolism

Answer 25

Blood clot in the artery of the lung

Question 26

Pyruvate

Answer 26

Initial substance formed by anaerobic metabolism w/o oxygen converts to lactic acid. With oxygen it’s used in the Krebs cycle to produce ATP.

Question 27

Respiratory arrest

Answer 27

Apnea

Question 28

Respiratory failure

Answer 28

The inability to maintain adequate ventilation and oxygen

Question 29

Shock

Answer 29

Inadequate perfusion to the tissues, to adequately mean metabolic demands

Question 30

Signs

Answer 30

What you see?

Question 31

Sodium potassium pump

Answer 31

Mechanism of a cell membrane that uses energy to exchange, sodium and potassium ions across the cell membrane

Question 32

Stagnant phase

Answer 32

Blood pools in the capillary beds, collecting lactic acid and form blood clots

Question 33

Sudden cardiac arrest

Answer 33

The heart stops beating

Question 34

Symptoms

Answer 34

Physical or mental experiences a patient his having

Question 35

Ventilation-perfusion, mismatch

Answer 35

Pulmonary or alveolar ventilation is impaired

Question 36

Ventricle fibrillation

Answer 36

A lethal, cardiac dysrhythmia where the heart doesn’t contract

Question 37

Ventricle tachycardia

Answer 37

A cardiac dysrhythmia, rapid firing of the ventricles, typically with wide QRS complex

Question 38

Washout phase

Answer 38

Stagnant blood, lactic acid and microscopic blood clots in the capillary beds re-enter circulation