Kidney

Question 1

Excretion

Answer 1

Unwanted substances and metabolic wastes are eliminated from the body

Question 2

Waste products that are excreted

Answer 2

Residue of undigested food, metals ,drugs,toxic substances and pathogenic organism,co2

Question 3

Transport of various substances

Answer 3

*food particles from intestine to tissues
*oxygen -lungs to tissues by blood
*using this oxygen the cell metabolites and release energy
*this energy used for growth, activity and repair of tissues

Question 4

Urinary system

Answer 4

-a pair of kidneys
-a pair of ureter
-urinary bladder -stores urine until it is voided or emptied
-urethra-urine voided from bladder

Question 5

Function of kidneys

Answer 5

-role in hemostasis
-Endocrine system
-regulation of calcium
-regulation of blood pressure
-Endocrine system
-hematopoetic

Question 6

Role in hemostasis

Answer 6

-Maintenance of acid base balance
-water balance
-electrolyte balance
-waste products

Question 7

Waste products that leads to hemostasis on removing

Answer 7

Urea, uric acid,creatinine, toxin,drugs, bilirubin,heavy metals, pesticides

Question 8

How kidneys balance water

Answer 8

Kidneys reabsorbs /conserves water when it is decreased in body
And excrete water when it’s level is increased

Question 9

Maintaining electrolyte balance

Answer 9

Retain sodium ions when osmolarity decreases
And excrete sodium ions when osmolarity increases

Question 10

Acid base balance

Answer 10

Acidosis-formation of certain acids during metabolic activities
-kidney ,blood buffers and lungs prevent acidosis.among this kidney plays major role
-Kidneys eliminate acids like sulphuric and phosphoric acids

Question 11

Hemopoietic function

Answer 11

*kidneys secrete erythropoietin by stimulating erythropoeisis
*also secrets thrombopoietin by stimulating production of thrombocytes

Question 12

Kidneys plays a major role in Endocrine system

Answer 12

By producing many hormonal substances
-renin
-1,25DCC -dihydroxy cholecalciferol
-prostaglandins

Question 13

Regulation of bp

Answer 13

Regulate arterial BP by following:
-through the volume of extracellular fluid
-through renin angiotensin mechanism

Question 14

To regulate calcium level

Answer 14

Activating 1,25 DCC into vit D
Vit D -absorption od ca from intestine

Question 15

Structure Of kidney

Answer 15

Compound tubular gland covered by connective tissue capsule

Question 16

Structure Of kidney

Answer 16

Compound tubular gland covered by connective tissue capsule

Question 17

Different layers of kidney

Answer 17

-outercortex
-inner medulla
-renal sinus