Kidney

Question 1

Normal length of a cat kidney?

Answer 1

3.0-4.5cm

Question 2

Cat kidneys are generally larger in what group of cats?

Answer 2

Intact males

Question 3

Cat kidneys are generally smaller in what age group?

Answer 3

Older cats

Question 4

Which kidney in the cat can be longer?

Answer 4

Right

Question 5

What is the purposed renal to aorta ratio in dogs?

Answer 5

5.5 - 9.1x the height of the aorta

Question 6

What is the the purposed renal to L5 or L6 ratio in dogs?

Answer 6

1.3-2.7 x L5 or L6

Question 7

What is the reason for increased echogenicity around the rounded edges of the kidneys?

Answer 7

tubule angulation (anisotropy)

Question 8

Renal cortex is usually hypo or hyperechogenic to the liver?

Answer 8

Iso to hypo….however, normal kidneys (especially in cats) can be more echogenic usually due to fat deposition

Question 9

The arcuate arteries are more frequent seen in what type of dog?

Answer 9

Small breeds

Younger dogs

Question 10

Differentials for a medullary rim sign (hyperechoic outer medullary band)

Answer 10

1. Pyogranulomatous vasculitis from FIP
2. Acute tubular necosis
3. Nephrocalcinosis
4. Normal

Question 11

What is the number one renal neoplasia in cats?

Answer 11

Lymphoma

Question 12

What breed of dog and cats are predisposed to polycystic kidney disease?

Answer 12

Persians

Carine Terriers

Question 13

Nephroblastomas are usually in what breed of dog?

Answer 13

GSD - YOUNG

Question 14

Renal cysticadenocarinomas are usually seen in what breed with what concurrent disease?

Answer 14

GSD with dermatofibrosis

Question 15

What is the difference between hydropnephrosis and pyelectasia?

Answer 15

Hydronephrosis is more severe causing finger like projections into the diverticuli and they become rounded.

Question 16

Differentials for hydronephrosis?

Answer 16

Obstruction or congenital abnormality.

Question 17

What height of pelvic dilation is predictive of urinary outflow obstruction?

Answer 17

> 13mm