Kidney/Pudenda - Unit 4 - Assessment of the Renal/Urinary System Flashcards
(42 cards)
What are the 4 organs of the renal/urinary system?
Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
What are the 6 functions of the renal system?
- Excretion of waste + filtration
- Body fluid composition
- RBC production
- Regulates BP
- Converts Vitamin D (to active form to absorb Vit D)
- Regulates Acid/Base Balance
There are about 100 nephrons in each kidney. T/F?
FALSE - there are about 1,000,000!!!
What is the difference between cortol neprhons and juxtoglomerular nephrons?
Cortol = short (there’s more of them).
Juxt = long (less of those), and they help when we need more fluid and shit.
What are the 3 steps of regulatory function of the kidney?
Step 1 = Glomerular filtration (small parts, like glucose)
Step 2 = Tubular reabsorption (keeps urine at about 3L/day).
Step 3 - Tubular secretion (secreted out)
What does renin do to BP?
Increases it!
What does angiotensin 2 do to BP?
Increases it
What do prostaglandins do for the kidney?
Regulate glomerular filtration
What does bradykinin do for the kidney’s?
Dilates afferent arterioles — increases permeability of some solutes
What does erythpoietin do for red blood cell production?
It increases it
What does vitamin d activation do for the kidney’s?
Increases calcium reabsorption and regulation!
What happens to the kidney’s as people age?
Reduced blood flow to kidney’s, kidney’s get smaller, thickened glomerular and tubular membranes, decreased tubular length, nocturnal polyuria, decreased GFR
If BP is low, will the kidney’s get adequate perfusion?
Not necessarily..so if someone is hypotensive, start thinking about that!
What are some assessment things to look for with the renal system?
Voiding pattern, voiding problems? , color of urine, odor of urine (sweet = ketones) pain, drainage device, history of renal issues, etc.
NSAID’s - bad for ___.
Tylenol - bad for ____.
NSAID’s bad for Kidney’s.
Tylenol bad for liver.
What are 6 warning signs of kidney disease?
Burning or difficulty urinating. More frequent urination (at night?) Bloody urine. Puffiness around eyes, swelling in body. Pain in small of back just below ribs, not aggravated by movement. HTN
A urine specimen should be taken at night, right upon peeing. T/F?
FALSE - it should be taken in the AM & midstream, if possible.
What should the pH of urine be?
4.8-7.5 (so it’s acidic)
What is specific gravity? What should it be?
Hydration - low = very hydrated. High = deHYdrated (get it!)
Normal = 1.003-1.030
What are the levels for WBC’s and RBC’s in urine?
WBC = 0-4 RBC = 0-3
Should there be any protein in the urine?
NONE
What does clear urine mean?
Excess liquids
What does bright yellow urine mean?
Vitamin supplements
What does dark yellow urine mean?
Dehydration
