kin test 3

Question 1

what are the main functions of the cardiovascular system

Answer 1

1. delivery of oxygen, fuel, and other dissolved substancs to the tissues of the body
2. the removal of CO2 and othewr waste products from the tissues
3. thermoregulation
4. prevention of infections

Question 2

whats the right side of the circulatory system job

Answer 2

deals with deoxygenated blood

Question 3

whats the left side of the circulatory system job

Answer 3

deals with oxygenated blood

Question 4

whats the lub heart sound?

Answer 4

closing of the A-V valves

Question 5

whats the dub heart sound?

Answer 5

closing of the semilunar valves

Question 6

artery?

Answer 6

• carries blood AWAY from the heart
• has thick muscles and elasticx fibres that contract to push blood along

Question 7

vein?

Answer 7

• carry blood TOWARDS the heart
• have thin muscles and elastic fibers
• have valves which acft to stop blood fro going in the wrong direction

Question 8

capillary?

Answer 8

• link artieries with veins
• one cell wall thick
• a collection of capillaries is known as a capillary bed

Question 9

red blood cells

Answer 9

• without a nucleus
• ## contain hemoglobins a moleculoe specifcally designed to hold 02 and carry it to cells that need it

Question 10

White blood cells

Answer 10

• contain a nuclues and 2 main types
• lymphocytes and macrophages

Question 11

platelets

Answer 11

• bits of cells broken off larger cells
• produce tiny fibrinogen fibres to form a net , this net trraps other blood cells to form a BLOOD CLOT

Question 12

plasma

Answer 12

• a strasw colouyred liquid that carries the cells and the platelets

Question 13

blood pressure(BP)

Answer 13

a measurment of the force of blood outward on the artery wall(mmHg)

Question 14

heart rate(HR)

Answer 14

the number of times the heart beats in one minute(b/min)

Question 15

stroke volume(SV)

Answer 15

the amount of blood pumped out by the ventricles per heart beat(L/beat)

Question 16

cardiac output(Q)

Answer 16

The amount of blood pumped out by the heart in one minute(HRxSV)

Question 17

list the short term effects that effect HR and BP

Answer 17

1. activity level
2. emotions
3. water/food intake
4. other chemicals

Question 18

list the long term effects on HR and BP

Answer 18

1. lower resting HR
2. increase in size amd number of capillaries
3. increase in size and elasticity of artieres
4. increase hemoglobins in RBDC’S
5. increase colaterall circulation

Question 19

hypertension

Answer 19

high blood pressure, wjhen your blood pressure in your blood vessels is too high

Question 20

atherosclerosis

Answer 20

thickening/hardening of arteries which are caused by a buildup of plaque in the inner lining of the artery

Question 20

arteriosclerosis

Answer 20

when the arteries get thick and hard, making it harder for blood flow to flow through them

Question 21

coronary heart disease

Answer 21

a coindition where the blood vessels supplying the heart with oxygen and nutrients become narrow/blocked,often due to the buildness of plaque.

Question 22

stroke

Answer 22

occurs when soimething bklocks thge blood supply to a part of the brain,or.. when a bloods vessel in the brain bursts

Question 23

heart murmur

Answer 23

a whooshing or swishing sound heard during as heartbeat ofte caused by turbuence blood flow in the heart or blood vessles

Question 24

varicose veins

Answer 24

swollen, twisted veins that lie just under the skin, caused by weakened oir damaged vein walls and faulty valves

Question 25

altitude training

Answer 25

enhances endurance and increases EPO production

Question 26

caffeine

Answer 26

as stimlant which increases alertness

Question 27

alcohol

Answer 27

impairs motor coordination

Question 28

cannabis

Answer 28

erffects vary on the indiviudal impairs concentration

Question 29

carbo loading

Answer 29

increases muscvle mass but leads to diarhhea

Question 30

blood doping

Answer 30

increasesw RBC mass and enhyances aerobic capacity

Question 31

trtaining masks

Answer 31

mimicks higth altiutiude training

Question 32

external respiration

Answer 32

the exchange of O2 and CO2 between the alveoli in the lungs and the blood

Question 33

internal respiration

Answer 33

the exchange of O2 and CO2 between the blood and the body cellas

Question 34

tidal volume

Answer 34

the amount of air inhaled or exhal;ed in one breath

Question 35

vital capacity

Answer 35

themax amount of air that can be exhaled after a max inhalation

Question 36

minute ventilation

Answer 36

the amount of airt inhaled or exhaled in one minute

Question 37

factors effecting resting respiratory efficiency

Answer 37

1. exercise 2. smoking 3. respiratory disease 4. temperature 5. atmosphoric pressure 6. genetics

Question 38

VO2 max

Answer 38

the greatest rate at which oxygen can be consumed during exercise

Question 39

limiting factors of vo2 max

Answer 39

1. external respiration 2. gas transport 3. internal respiration

Question 40

cp system

Answer 40

alactic system creastine phosphate is the fuel source

Question 41

lactic system

Answer 41

anaerobic glycolysis system glucose is usually the fuel souce

Question 42

aerobic system

Answer 42

aerobic glyocolysis system glucose, fats and prtein as fuel source

Question 43

lactate threshold

Answer 43

the exercise intensity at which lactic acid bulds up in the blood