Kinetic Molecular Theory Flashcards
Solids
low energy, particles vibrate around fixed point, little space between particles, strong forces due to little space between them. Fixed volume. Becoming liquids or gases when enough energy added
Liquids
solid<energy of L<gas. small spaces but large enough to let particles slide over each other. Weaker strength than solid but stronger than gas.
Gases
High energy, constantly moving particles. Large spaces due to high energy, weak forces due to large distance between particles. When energy removed particles have less energy - move closer so that attraction becomes more prominent and gas becomes L or S
Brownian motion
Brownian motion refers to the random movement displayed by small particles that are suspended in fluids.
Diffusion
Physical process. Substance moves from high-low concentration. Lower mass = faster diffusion. Higher temp = faster diffusion
Evaporation
When substance changes from l to g but evaporation only occurs at surface of a liquid at any temp and psi
Sublimation
s-g
Deposition
g-s
Endothermic phase changes
Melting and evaporation/boiling + sublimation
Exothermic phase changes
Condensation, Freezing + deposition
Melting and freezing point
Constant temp at which substance changes from s-l or l-s
Boiling Point
Temp at which vapour psi = atmospheric temp
State change
EK constant therefore temp constant, change in arrangement of particles, EP increases or decreases
Pressure
Amount of force exerted per unit of area
Temperature
measure of kinetic energy of substance
