kingdoms

Question 1

what is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? (3)

Answer 1

Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus or whereas eukaryotic cells do.
Prokaryotic cells have a nucleoid but eukaryotic organism do not
Prokaryotic cells do not contain other membrane bound organelles but eukaryotes do

Question 2

What is a plasmid in a bacteria cell

Answer 2

A plasmid is circular dna

Question 3

Name the parts of a bacteria cell(8)

Answer 3

Plasmids, Chromosomal DnA, Capsule, cytoplasm, cell wall, cell membrane, flagellum, ribosomes,

Question 4

What is the cell wall of bacteria, plants and fungi made from

Answer 4

Peptidoglycogen. And cellulose. And chitin

Question 5

What is an animal like protoctist called

Answer 5

Protozea

Question 6

What is a plant like protoctist called

Answer 6

Algae

Question 7

What do animals and fungi carry carbohydrates as

Answer 7

Glycogen

Question 8

What is spherical bacteria called

Answer 8

Cocci

Question 9

What is chained rod like bacteria called

Answer 9

Bacilli

Question 10

What is a spiral shaped bacteria called

Answer 10

Sprillia

Question 11

What is curved shaped bacteria called

Answer 11

Vibrios

Question 12

What are 3 things that chromosomal dna allows in a bacteria cell

Answer 12

Respiration, replication, making proteins
(So like Respiration, reproduction, growth)

(Bc does not have ribosomes or mitochondria to do respiration or make proteins)

Question 13

What is binary fission and how does it work

Answer 13

Process by which bacteria replicates it’s organelles by repeatedly splitting in half.

Question 14

What are two examples of bacteria

Answer 14

Lactobaccilus bulgaris and pneumococcus

Question 15

What are two ways in that bacteria can feed

Answer 15

By performing photosynthesis or by feeding off of other dead organic material (form of heterotrophic nutrition)

Question 16

What is a capsule in bacteria

Answer 16

A slime layer

Question 17

What is the definition of heterotrophic

Answer 17

Obtaining nutrition off of other organisms as a result of not being able to make food themselves

Question 18

How is a virus a parasite

Answer 18

Because it lives in another organism and benefits by deriving it’s nutrients from it, and host cell on the other hand does not benefit from it

Question 19

What are three structural characteristics of a virus cell

Answer 19

Protein coat, Dna or RNA, lipid envelope(membrane from host cell)

Question 20

Why is a virus not a living organism

Answer 20

Because it does not carry out any of the seven characteristic of living organisms and can only reproduce by infecting a host cell

Question 21

What are two examples of viruses

Answer 21

Tobacco mosaic virus and HIV

Question 22

What does the tobacco mosaic virus do

Answer 22

It interferes with the ability to make chloroplasts, causing patches on the leaf

Question 23

Give two examples of fungi

Answer 23

Mucor(pin mould) and yeast

Question 24

Give two examples of protoctist

Answer 24

Chlorella and amoeba

Question 25

What is mycellium

Answer 25

Network of hyphae

Question 26

What is hyphae

Answer 26

Thread like filaments of a fungi

Question 27

What is saprotrophic nutrition

Answer 27

A form of extra cellular digestion when an organism secretes enzymes onto dead organic material to gain nutrition

Question 28

How do animals move

Answer 28

Through nervous coordination

Question 29

Describe how fungi feed

Answer 29

A spore lands on the food, where a hypha is grown from it. The hypha begins to grow until the mycelium covers the surface of the food. The hyphae secrete digestive enzymes to break down the food into soluble substances such as sugars, which is called extra cellular digestion This is then absorbed by the mould This process is called saprotrophic nutrition

Question 30

What part of the mushroom fungi is the actual mushroom and what is its function

Answer 30

It’s a fruiting body that grows on top and is the reproductive structure

Question 31

What is the proper name for bread mould

Answer 31

Mucor

Question 32

What do the dark spots represent on a piece of bread

Answer 32

Structures for reproduction

Question 33

Why are the hyphae not divided up into separate cells

Answer 33

Because they have many nuclei in their cytoplasm

Question 34

Are mushrooms toadstools and mould multicellular or unicellular

Answer 34

Multi cellular

Question 35

Are protoctists unicellular or multicellular

Answer 35

Most protictists are unicellular but some can be multicellular

Question 36

Explain how viruses reproduce

Answer 36

They infect a host cell and control its genetic material. They begin replicating their dna + protein coats until they have destroyed the host cell The particles are released to infect more cells

Question 37

What are two benefits of enclosed dna

Answer 37

More efficient functioning as other organelles will not be able to interfere. Maximum extraction of energy

Question 38

What kingdom does moss belong to

Answer 38

Plant

Question 39

What is a control variable

Answer 39

A variable that is kept constant

Question 40

What is a hyphae

Answer 40

A branching filament that makes up a network of mycelium in fungi

Question 41

Do prokaryotes have ribosomes

Answer 41

Yes. Prokaryotes do have ribosomes

Question 42

Do prokaryotes have membrane bound organelles (organelles such as chloroplasts)

Answer 42

No

Question 43

Which two kingdoms are microscopic, and which three are visible or atleast mostly visible

Answer 43

Bacteria, protoctists, are microscopic Animals, plants and fungi are visible

Question 44

How many micrometers are in a cm

Answer 44

One cm= one thousand micrometers(1000)

Question 45

What are the two ways in which bacteria can feed

Answer 45

Through photosynthesis and by being heterotrophic(decomposers)

Question 46

Is a virus made of a cell

Answer 46

No it is made of a particle

Question 47

What is a pathogen

Answer 47

A pathogen is a microorganism that can cause disease

Question 48

Draw the cells of the 5 kingdoms plus virus

Answer 48

Bacteria: cytoplasm,plasmids, nucleoid, cell membrane, cell wall made of peptidoglycogen, capsule, flagellum Fungi: nucleus, cell wall made of chitin,vacuole, ribosomes, Protoctists: vacuole, cytoplasm, flagellum, cell wall plasmids In your notebook(refer to ur book for answers) (Remember virus is not a living organism)

Question 49

Describe the features of a fungal cell

Answer 49

Nucleus, cell wall(chitin),cell membrane, cytoplasm, vacuole, ribosomes, mitichondria

Question 49

What are the parts of a virus cell

Answer 49

RNA, protein coat, lipid envelope

Question 50

What is the flagella

Answer 50

The flagella is a long strand of protein that helps the bacteria move around

Question 51

What is the function of the slime capsule in bacteria

Answer 51

The slime capsule is the protective layer

Question 52

Are fungi heterotrophic or autotrophic

Answer 52

Heterotrophic As they need to feed on other organisms for nutrition

Question 53

What disease is caused by plasmodium and what kingdom does it belong to

Answer 53

Malaria Belongs to the protoctists

Question 54

What is the shape of lactobaccilus bulgaris

Answer 54

Rod shaped(bacilli)

Question 55

What is AIDS and what virus is it caused by

Answer 55

AIDS is caused by the HIV virus and is when the persons immune system is damaged.

Question 56

Describe 3 structural characteristics of bacteria (that it always has)

Answer 56

Doesn’t have a nucleus, contains circular chomosomal dna(nucleoid), has a cell membrane

Question 57

Bacteria and fungi break down organic material in the soil so they are called…

Answer 57

Decomposers/Saprotrophs

Question 58

Do bacteria have a cell wall

Answer 58

Yes

Question 59

Are all viruses pathogens

Answer 59

Yes

Question 60

What is the storage carbohydrate inside a fungal cell

Answer 60

Glycogen

Question 61

Do bacteria have a cell membrane and cell wall

Answer 61

Yes. (And cell wall is made of peptidoglycogen)