Kitab Al Tawhid ( Chapter 31- ? ) Flashcards
(33 cards)
Chapter 31: ( باب المحبة )
the verse ‘-Still there are some who take others as Allah’s equal—they love them as they should love Allah’
وَمِنَ ٱلنَّاسِ مَن يَتَّخِذُ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ أَندَادًۭا يُحِبُّونَهُمْ كَحُبِّ ٱللَّهِ ۖ
Surah Al Baqarah { 2:165 }
What is the objective/ meaning of the chapter? (مقصود الترجمة )
بيان ان محبة الله عبادة وجعلها لغير الله شرك
To clarify that loving Allah ﷻ is a form of ibadah and giving that love to other than Allah ﷻ is a form of shirk
محبة is of two types
What are they?
١. محبة طبيعية - natural love
(Loving your family, friends etc)
٢. عبادة المحبة- worship of love
What is محبة الله ?
Love that is in the heart of a person in which he loves Allah ﷻ and they fear Allah ﷻ and it causes them to hasten and to perform those things that He loves and staying away from what He dislikes
The محبة of ibadah is of 3 types, what are they?
١. محبة الله
Loving Allah ﷻ
٢. محبة في الله
Loving for the sake of Allah ﷻ
٣. المحبة مع الله
To love with Allah ﷻ ( the love of the mushrikun )- this is what the first verse refers to
What are the two Tafsirs of the verse وَمِنَ ٱلنَّاسِ مَن يَتَّخِذُ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ أَندَادًۭا يُحِبُّونَهُمْ كَحُبِّ ٱللَّهِ ۖ, that the scholars mentioned?
- That the mushrikeen love Allah ﷻ the way they love their idols ( the scholars say this is the more clearer meaning )
- That these mushrikun love their gods like the believers love Allah ﷻ
What is the point of evidence of the ayah?
Allah ﷻ praised the believers for their love for Him and it is a sign that المحبة is a type of ibadah
What is the second verse in this chapter?
قُلْ إِن كَانَ ءَابَآؤُكُمْ وَأَبْنَآؤُكُمْ وَإِخْوَٰنُكُمْ وَأَزْوَٰجُكُمْ وَعَشِيرَتُكُمْ وَأَمْوَٰلٌ ٱقْتَرَفْتُمُوهَا وَتِجَـٰرَةٌۭ تَخْشَوْنَ كَسَادَهَا وَمَسَـٰكِنُ تَرْضَوْنَهَآ أَحَبَّ إِلَيْكُم مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِۦ وَجِهَادٍۢ فِى سَبِيلِهِۦ فَتَرَبَّصُوا۟ حَتَّىٰ يَأْتِىَ ٱللَّهُ بِأَمْرِهِۦ ۗ وَٱللَّهُ لَا يَهْدِى ٱلْقَوْمَ ٱلْفَـٰسِقِينَ
Say, ˹O Prophet,˺ “If your parents and children and siblings and spouses and extended family and the wealth you have acquired and the trade you fear will decline and the homes you cherish—˹if all these˺ are more beloved to you than Allah and His Messenger and struggling in His Way, then wait until Allah brings about His Will. Allah does not guide the rebellious people.”
Surah Al Tawbah { 9:24 }
What is the point of evidence of this verse?
توعد الله بالعقاب من كانت هذه الأشياء أحب إليه من الله و رسوله و حكم عليم بل فسق و هاذا فيه ذمبا لهم
Allah ﷻ threatened these people who love these things more than Him, and His messenger ﷺ, then they are fusaq ( that is a threat that Allah ﷻ will punish them with )
What is the first Hadith in this chapter?
Narrated by Anas:
That the Prophet (ﷺ) said
لاَ يُؤْمِنُ أَحَدُكُمْ حَتَّى أَكُونَ أَحَبَّ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ وَالِدِهِ وَوَلَدِهِ وَالنَّاسِ أَجْمَعِينَ
“None of you will have faith till he loves me more than his father, his children and all mankind.”
Sahih Bukhari ( 15 )
What is the point of evidence in this Hadith?
نفا رسول الله الإيمان عمن لم يكن النبي محبة إلية من ولده ووالده و الناس أجمعين، و لا ينفا الإمان عن احد إلى بترك واجبا أو فعل محرم فدل ذالك على وجوب محبة النبي. و إذا كانت محبة النبي واجبة، فمحبة الله أولا بل وجوب
The prophet ﷺ negated imam from the person that doesn’t love prophet ﷺmore than his child and parents and all of the people, and Iman is not negated from a person except dua to leaving off a wajib or doing a Mubaram, so this shows the obligation of loving the prophet ﷺ.
If loving the prophet is obligated, then the love of Allah ﷻ is even more obligatory
What Iman is being negated in the Hadith?
١. نفي كمال الإيمان-
What has been negated is the complet Iman ( ones Iman will not be complete if he does not x, y and z )—- the one mentioned in the Hadith
٢. نفي أصل الإيمان-
Negating the essence of Iman ( the person isn’t a believer )
What is the second Hadith in this chapter?
Narrated by Anas:
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, “Whoever possesses the following three qualities will have the sweetness (delight) of faith ( imam )
1. The one to whom Allah ﷻ and His messager ﷺ becomes dearer than anything else.
2. Who loves a person and he loves him only for Allah ﷻ’s sake.
3. Who hates to return to disbelief ( after Allah ﷻ saved him from it) as he hates to be thrown into the fire.”
Sahih Bukhari ( 16 )
What is the point of evidence of this Hadith?
علق الحديث وجد حلاوة الإيمان باي يكون الله ورسوله أحب إلية من ما سيوهما و هذا دليل أن محبة الله عبادة، لا يكمل الإمان إلا بها
The Hadith connected the existence of the sweetness of Iman in the person with the love of Allah ﷻ and the messager ﷺ more than anything else. This is a sign that loving Allah ﷻ is ibadah and iman is not complete without it
What is the Hadith linking to the previous Hadith?
Narrated Anas bin Malik:
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, “None will have the sweetness (delight) of Iman — until he obtains these 3 things mentioned in the previous Hadith-
Sahih Bukhari ( 6041)
What is the third Hadith in this chapter?
Narrated by ibn Abbas Who said:
“ whoever loves for Allah ﷻ sake and dislikes for Allah ﷻ sake then that is the only way that a person can gain the love of Allah ﷻ. And a person will not taste the sweetness of Iman even if his salah and fasting is a lot, unless he is like that ( he loves and and hates for Allah ﷻ) .
The majority of people today, their love is for worldly matters, and this won’t benefit the person”
Graded as Daif ( but there are other hadiths that are a witness for it )
What is the third verse in this chapter?
Narrated by Ibn Abbas
وَتَقَطَّعَتْ بِهِمُ ٱلْأَسْبَابُ
and the bonds that united them will be cut off.
Surah Al Baqarah { 2:166 }
What does this Hadith show?
The love that people had for each other that was based upon worldly matters and based upon disobeying Allah ﷻ will be gone ( in the day of judgement)
Chapter 32: (باب الخوف)
the verse- ‘it is only shaytaan who suggests fearing of his friends, so do not fear them, fear me if you are true believers’
إِنَّمَا ذَٰلِكُمُ ٱلشَّيْطَـٰنُ يُخَوِّفُ أَوْلِيَآءَهُۥ فَلَا تَخَافُوهُمْ وَخَافُونِ إِن كُنتُم مُّؤْمِنِينَ
Surah Al Imran { 3:175 }
What is the objective/ meaning of the chapter? (مقصود الترجمة )
بيان أن الخوف عبادة وجعله لغير الله شرك
To clarify that fear is a form of ibadah and giving it to other than Allah ﷻ is shirk
What is the definition of خوف ( fear ) in this chapter?
الخوف الذي معه تعظيم و خضوع و تأليه و كمال الطاعة
Fear that brings with it glorification, humiliation and worship and complete submission ( to Allah ﷻ in obedience)
There are four types of خوف, what are they?
١. خوف العباده -ﷻ Fearing Allah
and glorifying Him with complete submission
٢. خوف الشرك/ السر- Fear which consists ﷻ of shirk of Allah
( it is also known as خوف السر, whereby a person fears other than Allah ﷻ believing they can harm them )
٣. الخوف المحرم -fear that is haram but it doesn’t take the person out of the fold of Islam ( fear to pray because someone will harm them )
٤. خوف الطبيعي-Natural Fear
( I.e running away from a mouse )
What does the first verse ( the chapter title ) mean?
Verily it’s the shaytan that suggests for the awliya that they should not fear them they should fear Allah ﷻ if they where believers ( this verse came down after the battle of Badr )
What is the point of evidence of this verse?
In this verse, there is the obligation of fearing Allah ﷻ alone, and it is from the things that Iman necessitates, is depending on the level of Iman a person has for Allah ﷻ, and the fear that is praiseworthy is the one that prevents the servant from falling into haram
