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KLO notes Flashcards

1
Q 
pneumocystis carinii is what kind of organism?
virus
fungi
protozoa
bacteria
A

fungi

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2
Q

drug of choice for giardiasis

A

metronidazole

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3
Q

alternative drug for giardisasis

A

quanacrine

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4
Q

drug of choice for cryptosporidium

A

nitazodanide

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5
Q

drug of choice for cyclospora

A

TMP-SMX

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6
Q

drug of choice for trichomoniasis

A

metro

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7
Q

drug of choice for the hemolytic stage of trypanosoma rhodiense

A

suramin

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8
Q

drug of choice for for late CNS stage of trypanosoma rhodiense

A

melarsoprol

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9
Q

drug of choice for for trypanosoma gambiense hemolytic stage

A

pentamidine

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10
Q

drug of choice for trypanosoma gambiense late CNS stage

A

eflornithine

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11
Q

drug of choice for chagas disease

A

benzimidazole

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12
Q

drug of choice for leishmaniasis

A

stibogluconate

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13
Q

drug of choice for naegleria and acanthomoeba

A

IV and intrathecal amphotericin B

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14
Q

drug of choice for vivax and ovale malaria in areas of less drug resistance

A

chloroquine

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15
Q

drug of choice for vivax and ovale malaria to afford radical cure and kill hepatic hypnozoites

A

piramquine

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16
Q

term used to describe the remergence of symptoms in malaria patients previously asymptomatic due to decreased immune response with no prior treatment

A

recrudescence

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17
Q

drug of choice for falciparum malaria

A

artemether

lumefantrine

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18
Q

drug of choice for toxoplasma

A

sulfadiazine plus pyrimethamine

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19
Q

only common protozoan pathogen found in the duodenum and jejunum of humans causing diarrhea

A

giardia lamblia

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20
Q 
after ingestion of contaminated food or water, patient had water greasy bulky foul smelling stool. what is most likely possible diagnosis?
cholera
amoebiasis
giardiasis
bacillary diarrhea
A

giardia

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21
Q

lateral spread or invasion of amoebae in the intestine produces this characteristic histologic finding

A

flask shaped lesions

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22
Q

most common extra intestinal amebic infection

A

amebic liver abscess

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23
Q

characteristic description of the drainage in amebic liver abscess?

A

anchovy paste

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24
Q

most commonly misdiagnosed nonpathogenic amebic species

A

entamoeba dispar

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25
most common source of spread of amebic infections
asymptomatic cyst passers
26
DOC for asymptomatic cyst passers
difloxanide furoate
27
most common manifestation of amebic infections
asymptomatic
28
unilateral swelling of the eyelids in chagas disease
romana's sign
29
most common serious condition or complication in chagas disease
interstitial myocarditis
30
children swimming in ponds develop progressive headache, fever, nuchal rigidity, nausea, vomiting, and disorientation. most likely causative agent
naegleria fowleri
31
organism implicated in cns infections caused by contaminated contact lens washing solution
acanthomoeba
32
infective stage of plasmodium transmitted from a bite of an anopheles mosquito
sporozoites
33
merozoites are released every 72 hours from lysed rbcs in this particular plasmodium species
p. malariae
34
coarse stippling found in blood smears in patients with falciparum malaria
maurer's clefts or dots
35
plasmodium species involved when only ring forms and gametocytes are found in the peripheral bloods mear
falciparum
36
plasmodium that primarily invades older RBCs
p. malaria
37
form or variant of malaria with predominant gi manifestations like vomiting and bloody diarrhea
algid malaria
38
specie implicated in cerebral malaria due to cytoadherence
falciparum
39
specie of plasmodium assoc with nephrotic syndrome in children
p. malariae
40
term used to describe severe falciparum malaria with rbc hemolysis causing ATN giving bloody dark urine
black water fever
41
``` all forms of malaria can be transmitted via this route except: transplacental blood transfusion needlestick sexually ```
sexually
42
most helminths do not multiply asexually in humans except
granulosus
43
only intracellular helminth causing infections in humans
trichinella inside muscle (nurse cell)
44
parasite implicated in nocturnal perianal pruritus
enterobius vermicularis
45
method for diagnosis of enterobius vermicularis
scotch tape test
46
DOC for pinworm infection
pyrantel pamoate | or mebendazole
47
DOC for trichuriasis or whipworm
mebendazole | or albendazole
48
DOC for ascariasis
mebendazole | or albendazole
49
DOC for hookworm infection
mebendazole | or albendazole
50
``` which can be used as treatment for strongyloides albendazole mebendazole praziquantel iodoquinol ```
ideally ivermectin | if not in choices, use albendazole
51
DOC for trichinella
albendazole
52
DOC for cestodes infection
praziquantel
53
DOC for filariasis
diethylcarbamazine DEC
54
DOC for onchocerca
ivermectin
55
TOC for dracunculus medenesis
physical manual extraction via stick/surgery
56
DOC for fasciola hepatica
triclabendazole | bithionol
57
DOC for flukes
praziquantel
58
TOC for hydatid disease
albendazole/surgical
59
neurocysticercosis is causedb y ingestion of which infective stage for t. solium
eggs
60
syndrome from larval migration causing cough, eosinophilia, pulmonary infiltrates
loeffler's syndrome
61
intense erythema pruritus after hookworm penetration on the skin
ground itch
62
parasite capable of producing hyperinfectino, reinfection, autoinfection where females are parthenogenic
strongyloides
63
cestode infection associated with B12 deficiency
D. latum
64
infective stage of d. latum to man
plerocercoids
65
term to characterize th predominant presence of microlifariae at night in blood of patients
nocturnal periodicity
66
second intermediate host of fasciola hepatica
water cress
67
2nd intemdiate host of schisosoma
none
68
prodrome symptoms of headache, fever, chills, diarrhea, esoiniphili after
katayama fever

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