knee joint

Question 1

patella

Answer 1

sesamoid bone

Question 2

stable knee config

Answer 2

extended position

Question 3

patellar lig & patella

Answer 3

strengthens the capsule anteriorly

Question 4

fibular and collateral ligs

Answer 4

strengthen lateral and medially

Question 5

arcurate and oblique popliteal ligs

Answer 5

strengthen posteriorly

Question 6

pes anserinus

Answer 6

strengthens anterior medially

Question 7

IT band

Answer 7

strengthens laterally

Question 8

suprapatellar bursa

Answer 8

keeps quads from rubbing against patella

Question 9

popliteus bursa

Answer 9

separates tendon of popliteus from lateral condyle

Question 10

gastroc bursa

Answer 10

seps med head of gastroc from med femoral condyle

Question 11

prepatellar bursa

Answer 11

seps skin from patella

Question 12

subcutaneous

Answer 12

seps skin from tibial tuberosity

Question 13

clergymans bursitus

Answer 13

inflammation of subcutaneous bursa

Question 14

housemaids knee

Answer 14

inflammation of prepatellar bursa

Question 15

deep infrapatellar bursae

Answer 15

seps patellar lig from tibial tub

Question 16

normal knee alignment

Answer 16

slight valgus, 170 degrees opened laterally

Question 17

Q angle

Answer 17

line drawn btw ASIS and center of patella and tibial tub
15-20 degrees, larger in women
too big, patella can track laterally

Question 18

genu valgum

Answer 18

knock knee, angle btw tib and femur is less than 170

Question 19

genu varum

Answer 19

bow leg, angle is more than 170

Question 20

MCL

Answer 20

has a deep insertion on med meniscus
maintains knee in extended position
resists valgus forces

Question 21

LCL

Answer 21

not as strong as MCL
maintains entended knee
resists varus forces
not part of fibrous

Question 22

ACL

Answer 22

resists ant mvmt of tib on femur

Question 23

PCL

Answer 23

resists post forces of tib on femur

Question 24

menisci

Answer 24

shock absorbers

tears cause locking of the knee, clicking

Question 25

lateral meniscus

Answer 25

mobile, not attached to LCL, less likely to be injured

Question 26

med meniscus

Answer 26

attached firmly to the med condyle C shaped less mobile, more likely to be injured post horn much bigger than ant

Question 27

abduction injury

Answer 27

valgus force/lateral blow to knee, tears med meniscus

Question 28

final screw home mvmt

Answer 28

tib rotates laterally on femur max contact btw tib and femoral condyles locking knee

Question 29

locked knee

Answer 29

all 4 ligs taut, prevents hyperextension

Question 30

unlocking of the knee

Answer 30

popliteus muscle WB: rotates the femur laterally on tib NWB: medially rotates tibia on femur ligs go lax, flexion occurs

Question 31

knee flexors

Answer 31

hamstrings

Question 32

inward rotators (when flexed)

Answer 32

pes anerinus

Question 33

outward rotators (when flexed)

Answer 33

biceps femoris

Question 34

ACL tear

Answer 34

sudden stopping of forward motion anterior draw sign lachman test: more specific

Question 35

PCL tear

Answer 35

foot gets stuck while femur is forced backward less often damaged post draw sign

Question 36

MCL tear

Answer 36

more common than LCL injury | lateral (valgus) stresses tear it

Question 37

LCL tear

Answer 37

medial (varus) stresses

Question 38

medial menisci tear

Answer 38

often caused by MCL tear | McMurray test: posterior horn tear assessment, clicking when rotating flexed knww with patient supine

Question 39

unholy triad

Answer 39

medical meniscus, MCL, and ACL likely to all get injured together from post lateral blows to the knee

Question 40

femoral nerve lesion

Answer 40

wasting of ant comp of thigh muscles. cant walk up or down stairs or stand or sit up unassisted

Question 41

sciatic nerve lesion

Answer 41

paralysis of hamstrings, cant flex knee or extend hip

Question 42

L2L3 root damage

Answer 42

weak quads concentric contractions: hard time standing from seated, walking up stairs eccentric: sitting from standing, walking down stairs