Knee joint Flashcards
(28 cards)
Which part of the knee capsule is deficient?
Anterior part
What kind of bone is the patella bone?
Sesamoid
What are the two main groups of ligament of the knee?
Collateral (tibial and fibular)
Cruciate (ant and post)
Which 4 nerves supply the knee joint?
Femoral
Obturator
Common Fibular
Tibial
What is the blood supply to the knee?
Genicular arteries
Which groove on the patella is larger - medial or lateral?
Lateral
Which direction does the patella more commonly dislocate in?
Lateral direction
What is the Q angle?
The angle between the quadriceps tendon and the patellar tendon in full extension
Which sex has a larger Q angle and what does this mean?
Females
More prone to hip dislocation
Which 5 conditions have an increased Q angle?
- Genu valgum
- Increased femoral anteversion
- External tibial torsion
- Laterally positioned tibial tuberosity
- Tight lateral retinaculum
What is the function of the menisci (lateral and medial) of the knee?
Shock absorbers
Which meniscus is more prone to tearing?
Medial
Which part of the lateral femoral condyle articulates with the tibia?
Posterior part
Describe the lateral femoral condyle
Short and straight
Describe the medial femoral condyle
Long and curved
What happens to the collateral ligaments during extension?
Tighten - lock the knee
What is the function of the popliteus muscle?
Unlock knee during flexion
What is the nerve supply to the popliteus muscle?
Tibial nerve
What is the term for outward bending of the knee?
Valgus (knock knee)
What is the term for inward bending of the knee?
Varus (bow leg)
Which of the cruciate ligaments is more likely to be ruptured?
Anterior
What does the Lackman test test for?
Integrity of the cruciate ligaments
What is the unhappy triad?
3 tears:
- Anterior cruciate
- Medial collateral
- Medial meniscus
Which doesn’t repair easily - torn meniscus or torn cruciate?
Meniscus
