kt3 Flashcards
(23 cards)
what were boys taught at home? rich
latin, greek, history, philosophy and literature to prepare for for government or court roles
what were girls taught at home? rich
music, dancing , needlework and how to manage a household but some wealthy girls learnt how to read and write
what were girls taught in the middle class at home?
domestic skills like cooking and sewing from their mothers
what were boys taught in the middle class at home?
basic literacy and numeracy at home sometimes by tutors
if they could afford it sometimes boys would go onto grammar schools
what was education like for the poor at the home?
received little or no formal education
they were expected to work for a young age to provide for their families
any education was normally religious
education in schools
schooling became more widespread during Elizabeth’s reign, but it was still mainly for boys and depended heavily on social class
grammar schools
set up for boys 10-14
latin, greek, philosophy ,religion
grew in number under Elizabeth
fees varied
prepared you for university (Oxford and Cambridge)
petty schools
boys aged 4-7
basic reading, writing and math
run by church or local communities
dame schools
girls from better off families
reading, sewing, cooking
run by women in their homes
the reasons for increase in poverty
population grew significantly increasing the demand for goods and services
as prices of goods rose, the value of money decreased making it harder for people to afford basic necessities like food sand clothing
several years experienced poor harvests resulting in food shortages and soaring food prices
the changing policies towards the poor
the reasons for drakes circumnavigation of the globe
was to break Spain’s control over trade in the New World particularly in the pacific ocean where Spain had a monopoly
drake sought to cripple the Spanish empire and challenge its power
highlighted Englands growing naval power
factors prompting exploration
new trade routes
luxury goods-spices and silks
economic gain-desire for wealth
new technology
reasons for the failure of colonising Virgina
one reason for the failure of colonising Virginia was due to the lack of food. during the 1585 voyage, the ship carrying ships of seeds were damaged-had no seeds to grow crops when they arrived.
another reason for the failure of colonising Virgina was due to poor leadership.
the significance of drakes circumnavigation of the globe (what did it lead to) 1577-1580
Drake was the frist english man to circumnavigate the world-gave him knighthood from Elizabeth 1- returned with vast amouints of spanish treasure and valuable knowlege of sea routes
showed english growing naval power and therefore threatening spanosh domainance-encouraging further exploration and marked the beginning of england rising as a colonial power
shifting the balance of powers of europe and setting the start of the british empire
sport among the upper class
the nobility and the gentry had time and money for leisure and entertainment
hunting and hawking:very popular among men and women
fencing: seen as a noble skill for men
real tennis: early form of indoor tennis
sport among the lower class
football but it was much more of a demanding version than what it is now-involved large numbers of people from different villages
wrestling and stick fighting-these were popular forms of combat and entertainment
bear baiting-bears were typically chained to a stake and dogs were released to attack them-bears unable to defend themselves
opposition to the theatre
the puritans saw it as immoral encouraging sin, disorder and idleness
they were worried it stopped people from the church
authorities also felt that theatres were ideal places for thieves and vagabonds to operate
what were vagabonds
they were not simply the unemployed but they were considered the “undeserving poor” who were seen as lazy and unwilling to poor
theatres in Elizabethan England
the rich and poor attended together but were seated separately
the first theatre which was built in 1576 was called “The Theatre” by James Burbage and was built in Shoreditch London
the theatre became a major form of entertainment for all classes during Elizabeth’s reign-it was accessible and affordable and even the poor could go in the “pit”
women roles were played by young boys
they performed non-religious plays-changed during Elizabeth’s reign
vagabond act features
one feature of the vagabond act was that it introduced a national poor rate. this meant that it placed responsibility for poor relief on justices of peace .
another feature of the vagabond act was that were severe punishments for vagrants. for example they would be whipped, branding and even the death penalty for repeated offences.
significance of the decline of the wool trade leading to increases in the level of poverty
it had been Englands most important industry for century employing thousands of people- when demand for English wool dropped- especially in Europe many workers lost their job in the industry
how did enclosures link to the increase in poverty
enclosures meant that landowners fenced off open fields and common fields that had been previously shared by village communities. poor villagers, who relied on this land to graze livestock and to grow crops suddenly had no access to it this loss of land meant they could no longer support themselves
enclosures often turned farmland from arable to pasture for sheep which needed fewer workers. As a result many labourers lost their jobs and homes. these displaced people and wandered the countryside in search of work leading to a rise in vagrancy and homelessness.
