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Anatomy > L1 “oral Cavity” > Flashcards

L1 “oral Cavity” Flashcards

1
Q

The oral cavity is bounded
anteriorly by:
laterally by :

A

anteriorly by : lips

laterally by cheeks

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2
Q

The lips :

A

2 fleshy folds surrounding the oral orifice.

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3
Q

The cheeks

A

they are continuous with lips at nasolabial
grooves

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4
Q

The cheeks

Internally :

A

Internally : lined by mucous membrane.

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5
Q

The cheeks

Externally :

A

Externally : covered by
-skin
-buccal pad of fat
- buccopharyngeal fascia

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6
Q

Parts of the Oral Cavity :

A

• Vestibule (Labial cavity)

• Mouth cavity proper (buccal cavity)

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7
Q

The Vestibule (Labial cavity) part :

A

• Is narrow cleft

• between the lips & cheeks (extrnally) and the gum (internally)

•receives the opening of the parotid duct opposite the upper 2nd molar tooth مهمه

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8
Q

The mouth cavity proper (buccal cavity) part :

A

Anterior to the teeth

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9
Q

Boundaries of Mouth Cavity Proper :

A

•Anteriorly

•Posteriorly

•Roof

•Floor

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10
Q

(Anteriorly),Boundaries of Mouth Cavity Proper

A

• formed by the dental arches carrying the teeth

• It communicates with the vestibule “behind “the “3rd molar tooth”

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11
Q

(Posteriorly), Boundaries of Mouth Cavity Proper

A

• with the oropharynx through “oropharyngeal isthmus” (junction between mouth & the pharynx)

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12
Q

(Roof), Boundaries of Mouth Cavity Proper

A

• Formed by the hard & the soft palate.

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13
Q

(Floor), Boundaries of Mouth Cavity Proper

A

• Dorsum of tongue

• lower surface of tongue

• Below tongu

• Myelohyoid muscle

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14
Q

Under Surface of the tongue

A

• (Frenulum lingulae) in the midline

• Orifice of the Submandibular Duct

• Sublingual Fold

• Deep lingual artery and vein

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15
Q

The Deep lingual artery and vein on each side of ?

A

Frenulum lingulea

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16
Q

The Frenulum lingulae Connect………. To………

A

Connect the under surface of tongue To the floor of the mouth

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17
Q

Orifice of the Submandibular Duct opens on each side of ?

A

Frenulum

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18
Q

Sublingual Fold Formed by :

A

underlying sublingual salivary gland

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19
Q

congenital oral anomaly present at birth
that restricts the tongue’s range of motion and
may interfere with normal speech , frenotomy is done “without anesthesia”, in
babies younger than 3 months old, because
the area has “few nerve endings or blood
vessels”.

A

Ankyloglossia/ Tongue tie
“لسانه مربوط”

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20
Q

What is the structure of the Tongue ?

A

muscular organ formed of mass of muscles covered by an envelope mucous membrane.

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21
Q

Site of the Tongue:

A

lies on the floor of the oral cavity

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22
Q

Tongue

anterior :

posterior :

A

anterior: 2/3 lies in the mouth (oral part).

posterior: 1/3 lies in the pharynx (pharyngeal part).

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23
Q

What is the function of the Tongue?

A
  1. Normal articulation of the jaw
  2. Manipulation of food
  3. Swallowing
  4. Taste
  5. Production of normal Speech.
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24
Q

Parts of the Tongue :

A

• Tips and sides

• Root or Posterior part

•Upper Surface or upper part

•Ventral Surface or Lower Surface

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25
Q

The Tip part of the Tongue :

A

lie opposite gums
&teeth.

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26
Q

The Root part of the Tongue :

A

Part through which pass the muscles Connecting the tongue to the “”hyoid bone “”& mandible.

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27
Q

The dorsal (upper) surface :

A

• Divided by a” V-shaped “groove (“sulcus terminalis”) into: ant.2l3 (oral part) & post- 1/3 (pharyngeal part)

• Presents a foramen called the” foramen Caecum” in the apex of the sulcus

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28
Q

The ventral (Lower) surface :

A

The Floor of mouth shows:

• Frenulum lingulae

• Deep lingual artery and vein on each side of Frenulum lingulae

• lateral to the deep lingual v. there is the fimbriated fold

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29
Q

The Ant. 2/3 of the dorsum of the tongue:

Name:

A

Name : Palatine or buccal part

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30
Q

The Ant. 2/3 of the dorsum of the tongue:

Position :

A

Position : Looks upward & can be seen from the mouth

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31
Q

The Ant. 2/3 of the dorsum of the tongue:

Papillae:

A

Papillae:
1. Filliform papillae: small&numerous

  1. Fungiform papillae: at the tip & margins
  2. Foliate papillae :small lateral folds, poorly developed in humans.
  3. Circumvallate papillae:lying infront of the sulcus terminalis & full of taste bud.
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32
Q

The Ant. 2/3 of the dorsum of the tongue:

Lingual tonsils:

A

Lingual tonsils: Absent

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33
Q

The Ant. 2/3 of the dorsum of the tongue:

Nerve supply :

A

Nerve supply :
2 Nerves:
1. Lingual Nerve: carries general sensation

  1. Chorda tympani: carries taste sensation.”branch of facial nerve ”
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34
Q

The Post. 1/3 of the dorsum of the tongue :

Name:

A

Name: Pharyngeal part

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35
Q

The Post. 1/3 of the dorsum of the tongue :

Position:

A

Position: Looks backwars (forming the anterior wall of the oropharynx)

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36
Q

The Post. 1/3 of the dorsum of the tongue :

Papillae:

A

No Papillae

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37
Q

The Post. 1/3 of the dorsum of the tongue :

Lingual tonsils:

A

Lingual tonsils: Present

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38
Q

The Post. 1/3 of the dorsum of the tongue :

Nerve supply:

A

One nerve:
Glossopharyngeal nerve: carries all sensations.

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39
Q

Musculature of the tongue

(There Is median septum dividing the tongue Into 2 halves)

A

• Extrinsic muscles

• Intrinsic muscles

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40
Q

Extrinsic muscles :

A

• arise from the “nearby bones “& into the “tongue “

• They are 4 muscles changing the position of the tongue (they move It)

41
Q

Extrinsic muscles is :

A

1- genioglossus

2-hyoglossus

3-Palatoglossus

4-styloglossus

All muscles supplied by Hypoglossal never (EXCEPT Palatoglossus)

42
Q

Intrinsic muscle is :

A

-Superior longitudina

-Inferior longitudinal

-Transverse ms

-vertical ms.

** all supplied by hypoglossal nerve**

43
Q

Intrinsic muscle :

A

• no attachment outside the tongue. يعني ماتمسك في Bone

These are 4 muscles changing the shape of the tongue they• are (shorten, broaden, or flatten it)
44
Q

Extrinisic muscles of the Tongue

Muscles origin Insertion Action

Hyoglossus

A

Muscles origin Insertion Action

Hyoglossus. hyoid bone Post ½ of the side Depresses the
of the Tongue Tongue

45
Q

Extrinisic muscles of the Tongue
Muscles origin Insertion Action

Styloglossus

A

Muscles origin Insertion Action

Styloglossus Tip of stylois Whole length Retract the
Process of tongue Tongue backwards

46
Q

Extrinisic muscles of the Tongue
Muscles origin Insertion Action

Palatoglossus

A

Muscles origin Insertion Action

Palatoglossus Lower surface Post.1/3 of the Pull the tongue
of palatine tongue. upward
aponeurosis

47
Q

Extrinisic muscles of the Tongue
Muscles origin Insertion Action

genioglossus

A

Muscles origin Insertion Action

genioglossus Upper genial Whole lenghth Singlemuscle pull
tubercle of of under surface the tongue to
mandible of the tongue opposite
•The 2 muscles pull
the tongue forwards

48
Q

Nerve supply of the Tongue

A

Motor Supply

Sensory Supply

49
Q

Motor Supply:

A

• All muscles of the tongue are supplied by the Hypoglossal nerve.

• EXCEPT Palatoglossus which is supplied by the Pharyngeal plexus (cranial accessory n. through vagus)

50
Q

Sensory Supply:

  1. Anterior 2/3:
A

a) General sensations: Lingual nerve

b) Taste: through Chorda Tympani of the Facial nerve , EXCEPT the vallate papillae.



51
Q

Sensory Supply:

1- Posterior 1/3:

2- Root of the tongue and Epiglottis:

A

1- General &taste sensations: Glossopharyngeal nerve.

2-General & taste sensations by the Vagus nerve.

52
Q

Blood Supply of the Tongue :

A

Arterial Supply

Venous drinage

53
Q

Arterial Supply of tongue :

A

By lingual artery

• Deep lingual branch: anterior part.

• Dorsal lingual branch:posterior part.

54
Q

Venous drinage of tongue:

A

• deep lingual vein

• Dorsal lingual vein : drains into IJV.

**the two veins drains into IJV (internal jugular venous )

55
Q

Lymphatic Drainage of the tongue:

A

• Tip: Submental nodes “bilaterally “& then deep cervical nodes

• Anterior two third: Submandibular unilaterally & then deep cervical nodes

• Posterior third: Deep cervical nodes jugulodigastric mainly

كلهم يروحو للdeep cervical nodes **

56
Q

what is the route of nitroglycerin medication ?

A

Undersurface of the Tongue

57
Q

What is your feel if you touched the anterior part of the tongue ?

A

Nothing , it’s possible to touch the anterior part without feeling discomfort

58
Q

What is your feel if you touched the posterior part of the tongue ?

A

I feel regurgitations “ heartburn “ or gags

59
Q

What is the common site of cancer ?

A

Tongue

60
Q

In the tongue the cancer cells prefer to spread through :

A

Lymphatics

61
Q

It’s leads to difficulty in protruding the tongue with deviation to the affected side

A

Hypoglossal nerve injury

62
Q

It is a lesion of dorsal surface of tongue
resulting in “white patches” of tongue. These are missing tongue papillae that appear as smooth, red islands.

A

Geographic tongue

63
Q

Doesn’t cause health problems and
isn’t associated with infection or cancer.

A

Geographic tongue

64
Q

Condition caused by overgrowth of “dead skin cells”, causing lengthening of the papillae, and staining from bacteria, yeast, food, tobacco.. in the mouth , it’s a temporary, harmless that gives the tongue a “Dark,Furry “appearance

A

Black hairy tongue

65
Q

The palate separating the…………from the………..

A

It’s separating the “nasal
cavity above “from the “oral cavity
below”.

66
Q

What is the site of the palate ?

A

It lies in the “roof of the oral cavity “

67
Q

The palate It is formed of 2 parts:

A

• Hard (bony) palate

• Soft (muscular) palate

68
Q

The Hard (bony) palate anteriorly:

A

a bony septum between nose & mouth

69
Q

Soft (muscular) palate posteriorly:

A

Fleshy septum between nasopharynx and oropharynx.

70
Q

The hard palate is formed by (4 bones):

A

• 2 Palatine processes of the maxillae , ant 3/4

• 2 Horizontal plates of palatine bones , posterior ¼

71
Q

From what is the floor of the nasal cavities made of?

A

Hard palate

72
Q

The hard palate It is bounded by :

A

alveolar process of the maxilla anterolaterally

73
Q

what is the foramen in the hard palate?

A

Incisive foramen infront

74
Q

The mucosa of hard palate shows:

A

-Median raphe : Palatine raph

-Transverse fold : Palatine rugae

75
Q

It is movable muscular part of the palate:

A

Soft palate

76
Q

The soft palate is extends from the posterior border of hard palate separating the …….. from the…………

A

The soft palate separate the Nasopharynx from oropharynx

77
Q

The soft palate has …. Border,….surface,….arches.

A

2 border

2 surface

2 arches : Palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches.

78
Q

The 2 border of the soft palate:

A

• Anterior (superior) border: attached to (posterior border of hard palate )

• Posterior (inferior) border: free and having the uvula

79
Q

The 2 surface of the soft palate:

A

• Anterior surface (oral) : Concave

• Posterior surface (nasal): Convex

80
Q

Soft palate Composed of:

A

-Muscle fibers

-An aponeurosis

-Lymphoid tissue

-Glands

-Blood vessels

-Nerves

81
Q

Main structure of the soft palate :

A
  • Palatine aponeurosis
  • Palatine muscles
82
Q

The Palatine Aponeurosis :

A

• Fibrous sheath

• Attached to posterior border of hard palate

• Is expanded tendon of tensor velli palatini

• Splits to enclose musculus uvulae

• Gives origin & insertion to all palatine muscles

83
Q

Soft Palate(Muscles) :

A

• Tensor veli palatini —>Tenses the soft palate

• Levator veli palatini —>Elevates the soft palate

•Palatoglossus —>Pulls palatoglossal fold toward midline

•Palatopharyngeus —>Moves palatopharyngeal fold toward midline

•Musculus uvulae —>Elevates uvula

84
Q

(Soft palate)

                                                            Tensor Veli Platini

Origin Insertion Action

A

Tensor Veli Platini

Origin : • Lateral said of auditory tube , • Scaphoid fossa of sphenoid bone

Insertion: Palatine aponeurosis

Action: • Tightens the soft Elevates the soft palate palate
• Opens the auditory tube

85
Q

(Soft palate)

                                                            Levator Veli Platini

Origin Insertion Action

A

Origin: • Petrous temporal bone
• Inferior aspect of auditory tube

Insertion : Upper surface of “palatine aponeurosis “

Action : Elevates the soft palate palate

86
Q

(Soft palate)

                                                            Palatoglossus

Origin Insertion Action

A

Origin: Inferior surface of palatine aponeurosis

Insertion : Lateral margin of tongue

Action : • Depresses palate
• Moves palatoglossalarch toward midline
• elevates back ofthe tongue

87
Q

(Soft palate)

                                                            Palatopharyngeus

Origin Insertion Action

A

Origin : Superior surface of “palatine aponeurosis”

Insertion : Pharyngeal wall

Action : • Depresses soft palate
• Moves palatopharyngeal archtoward midline
• elevates pharynx

88
Q

(Soft palate)

                                                            Musculus Uvulae

Origin Insertion Action

A

Origin : Posterior nasal spine of hard palate

Insertion : Connective tissue of uvula

Action : • Elevates and retracts uvula
• thickens central region of soft palate

89
Q

Nerve Supply of the soft palate

A
  • Motor supply
  • Sensory supply
90
Q

Motor supply of soft palate:

A

• All muscles of the palate are supplied by ““pharyngeal plexus”” of nerves EXCEPT “tensor velipalatini” (by mandibular nerve).

• Motor innervation of soft palate can be tested by saying‘Ah’,
normally soft palate rises upward and the uvula move backward in the middle line. افهموها بسسيطة

91
Q

Sensory supply of soft palate:

A
  1. Maxillary nerve through:
    • Greater palatine nerve
    • Lesser palatine nerve
    • Long sphenopalatine Nerve
  2. Glossopharyngeal nerve.
92
Q

Cleft Lip and Palate is :

A

• Congenital anomlies
• “Defective fusion “of the various component of palate

93
Q

Cleft Lip and Palate

Aetiology:

A

genetic and environmental causes.

94
Q

Cleft Lip and Palate

Embryology:

A

Clefts lip and palate occur as a result of the “failure of fusion of the maxillary and frontonasal processes” during embryonic development.

95
Q

The most important issues for newborns and infants with cleft lip and palate:

A

airway, feeding and speech development

96
Q

Cleft Lip and Palate

A

Cleft Lip alone Cleft Palate alone

Predominate Gender M F

M:F 2:1 1:2

INCIDENCE 1:1000 1:2000

97
Q

The most popular time of surgical correction for cleft palate is :

A

18-24 months after the eruption of the 1st molar

98
Q

The time of cleft palate closure is very important in the development of

A

-speech

-hearing

-swallowing

-dental occlusion

-facial growth

99
Q

Why we delay the repair of the cleft palate ?

A

to preserve Mid-face growth

Anatomy (8 decks)

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