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Anatomy > L1 “oral Cavity” > Flashcards

L1 “oral Cavity” Flashcards

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1
Q

The oral cavity is bounded
anteriorly by:
laterally by :

A

anteriorly by : lips

laterally by cheeks

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2
Q

The lips :

A

2 fleshy folds surrounding the oral orifice.

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3
Q

The cheeks

A

they are continuous with lips at nasolabial
grooves

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4
Q

The cheeks

Internally :

A

Internally : lined by mucous membrane.

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5
Q

The cheeks

Externally :

A

Externally : covered by
-skin
-buccal pad of fat
- buccopharyngeal fascia

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6
Q

Parts of the Oral Cavity :

A

• Vestibule (Labial cavity)

• Mouth cavity proper (buccal cavity)

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7
Q

The Vestibule (Labial cavity) part :

A

• Is narrow cleft

• between the lips & cheeks (extrnally) and the gum (internally)

•receives the opening of the parotid duct opposite the upper 2nd molar tooth مهمه

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8
Q

The mouth cavity proper (buccal cavity) part :

A

Anterior to the teeth

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9
Q

Boundaries of Mouth Cavity Proper :

A

•Anteriorly

•Posteriorly

•Roof

•Floor

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10
Q

(Anteriorly),Boundaries of Mouth Cavity Proper

A

• formed by the dental arches carrying the teeth

• It communicates with the vestibule “behind “the “3rd molar tooth”

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11
Q

(Posteriorly), Boundaries of Mouth Cavity Proper

A

• with the oropharynx through “oropharyngeal isthmus” (junction between mouth & the pharynx)

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12
Q

(Roof), Boundaries of Mouth Cavity Proper

A

• Formed by the hard & the soft palate.

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13
Q

(Floor), Boundaries of Mouth Cavity Proper

A

• Dorsum of tongue

• lower surface of tongue

• Below tongu

• Myelohyoid muscle

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14
Q

Under Surface of the tongue

A

• (Frenulum lingulae) in the midline

• Orifice of the Submandibular Duct

• Sublingual Fold

• Deep lingual artery and vein

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15
Q

The Deep lingual artery and vein on each side of ?

A

Frenulum lingulea

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16
Q

The Frenulum lingulae Connect………. To………

A

Connect the under surface of tongue To the floor of the mouth

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17
Q

Orifice of the Submandibular Duct opens on each side of ?

A

Frenulum

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18
Q

Sublingual Fold Formed by :

A

underlying sublingual salivary gland

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19
Q

congenital oral anomaly present at birth
that restricts the tongue’s range of motion and
may interfere with normal speech , frenotomy is done “without anesthesia”, in
babies younger than 3 months old, because
the area has “few nerve endings or blood
vessels”.

A

Ankyloglossia/ Tongue tie
“لسانه مربوط”

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20
Q

What is the structure of the Tongue ?

A

muscular organ formed of mass of muscles covered by an envelope mucous membrane.

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21
Q

Site of the Tongue:

A

lies on the floor of the oral cavity

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22
Q

Tongue

anterior :

posterior :

A

anterior: 2/3 lies in the mouth (oral part).

posterior: 1/3 lies in the pharynx (pharyngeal part).

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23
Q

What is the function of the Tongue?

A
  1. Normal articulation of the jaw
  2. Manipulation of food
  3. Swallowing
  4. Taste
  5. Production of normal Speech.
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24
Q

Parts of the Tongue :

A

• Tips and sides

• Root or Posterior part

•Upper Surface or upper part

•Ventral Surface or Lower Surface

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25
The Tip part of the Tongue :
lie opposite gums &teeth.
26
The Root part of the Tongue :
Part through which pass the muscles Connecting the tongue to the “”hyoid bone “”& mandible.
27
The dorsal (upper) surface :
• Divided by a” V-shaped “groove (“sulcus terminalis”) into: ant.2l3 (oral part) & post- 1/3 (pharyngeal part) • Presents a foramen called the” foramen Caecum” in the apex of the sulcus
28
The ventral (Lower) surface :
The Floor of mouth shows: • Frenulum lingulae • Deep lingual artery and vein on each side of Frenulum lingulae • lateral to the deep lingual v. there is the fimbriated fold
29
The Ant. 2/3 of the dorsum of the tongue: Name:
Name : Palatine or buccal part
30
The Ant. 2/3 of the dorsum of the tongue: Position :
Position : Looks upward & can be seen from the mouth
31
The Ant. 2/3 of the dorsum of the tongue: Papillae:
Papillae: 1. Filliform papillae: small&numerous 2. Fungiform papillae: at the tip & margins 3. Foliate papillae :small lateral folds, poorly developed in humans. 4. Circumvallate papillae:lying infront of the sulcus terminalis & full of taste bud.
32
The Ant. 2/3 of the dorsum of the tongue: Lingual tonsils:
Lingual tonsils: Absent
33
The Ant. 2/3 of the dorsum of the tongue: Nerve supply :
Nerve supply : 2 Nerves: 1. Lingual Nerve: carries general sensation 2. Chorda tympani: carries taste sensation.”branch of facial nerve ”
34
The Post. 1/3 of the dorsum of the tongue : Name:
Name: Pharyngeal part
35
The Post. 1/3 of the dorsum of the tongue : Position:
Position: Looks backwars (forming the anterior wall of the oropharynx)
36
The Post. 1/3 of the dorsum of the tongue : Papillae:
No Papillae
37
The Post. 1/3 of the dorsum of the tongue : Lingual tonsils:
Lingual tonsils: Present
38
The Post. 1/3 of the dorsum of the tongue : Nerve supply:
One nerve: Glossopharyngeal nerve: carries all sensations.
39
Musculature of the tongue (There Is median septum dividing the tongue Into 2 halves)
• Extrinsic muscles • Intrinsic muscles
40
Extrinsic muscles :
• arise from the "nearby bones "& into the “tongue “ • They are 4 muscles changing the position of the tongue (they move It)
41
Extrinsic muscles is :
1- genioglossus 2-hyoglossus 3-Palatoglossus 4-styloglossus **All muscles supplied by Hypoglossal never (EXCEPT Palatoglossus)**
42
Intrinsic muscle is :
-Superior longitudina -Inferior longitudinal -Transverse ms -vertical ms. ** all supplied by hypoglossal nerve**
43
Intrinsic muscle :
• no attachment outside the tongue. يعني ماتمسك في Bone These are 4 muscles changing the shape of the tongue they• are (shorten, broaden, or flatten it)
44
Extrinisic muscles of the Tongue Muscles origin Insertion Action Hyoglossus
Muscles origin Insertion Action Hyoglossus. hyoid bone Post ½ of the side Depresses the of the Tongue Tongue
45
Extrinisic muscles of the Tongue Muscles origin Insertion Action Styloglossus
Muscles origin Insertion Action Styloglossus Tip of stylois Whole length Retract the Process of tongue Tongue backwards
46
Extrinisic muscles of the Tongue Muscles origin Insertion Action Palatoglossus
Muscles origin Insertion Action Palatoglossus Lower surface Post.1/3 of the Pull the tongue of palatine tongue. upward aponeurosis
47
Extrinisic muscles of the Tongue Muscles origin Insertion Action genioglossus
Muscles origin Insertion Action genioglossus Upper genial Whole lenghth Singlemuscle pull tubercle of of under surface the tongue to mandible of the tongue opposite •The 2 muscles pull the tongue forwards
48
Nerve supply of the Tongue
Motor Supply Sensory Supply
49
Motor Supply:
• All muscles of the tongue are supplied by the Hypoglossal nerve. • EXCEPT Palatoglossus which is supplied by the Pharyngeal plexus (cranial accessory n. through vagus)
50
Sensory Supply: 1. Anterior 2/3:
a) General sensations: Lingual nerve b) Taste: through Chorda Tympani of the Facial nerve , EXCEPT the vallate papillae. 
51
Sensory Supply: 1- Posterior 1/3: 2- Root of the tongue and Epiglottis:
1- General &taste sensations: Glossopharyngeal nerve. 2-General & taste sensations by the Vagus nerve.
52
Blood Supply of the Tongue :
Arterial Supply Venous drinage
53
Arterial Supply of tongue :
By lingual artery • Deep lingual branch: anterior part. • Dorsal lingual branch:posterior part.
54
Venous drinage of tongue:
• deep lingual vein • Dorsal lingual vein : drains into IJV. **the two veins drains into IJV (internal jugular venous )
55
Lymphatic Drainage of the tongue:
• Tip: Submental nodes “bilaterally “& then deep cervical nodes • Anterior two third: Submandibular unilaterally & then deep cervical nodes • Posterior third: Deep cervical nodes jugulodigastric mainly كلهم يروحو للdeep cervical nodes **
56
what is the route of nitroglycerin medication ?
Undersurface of the Tongue
57
What is your feel if you touched the anterior part of the tongue ?
Nothing , it’s possible to touch the anterior part without feeling discomfort
58
What is your feel if you touched the posterior part of the tongue ?
I feel regurgitations “ heartburn “ or gags
59
What is the common site of cancer ?
Tongue
60
In the tongue the cancer cells prefer to spread through :
Lymphatics
61
It’s leads to difficulty in protruding the tongue with deviation to the affected side
Hypoglossal nerve injury
62
It is a lesion of dorsal surface of tongue resulting in “white patches” of tongue. These are missing tongue papillae that appear as smooth, red islands.
Geographic tongue
63
Doesn't cause health problems and isn't associated with infection or cancer.
Geographic tongue
64
Condition caused by overgrowth of “dead skin cells”, causing lengthening of the papillae, and staining from bacteria, yeast, food, tobacco.. in the mouth , it’s a temporary, harmless that gives the tongue a “Dark,Furry “appearance
Black hairy tongue
65
The palate separating the…………from the………..
It’s separating the “nasal cavity above “from the “oral cavity below”.
66
What is the site of the palate ?
It lies in the “roof of the oral cavity “
67
The palate It is formed of 2 parts:
• Hard (bony) palate • Soft (muscular) palate
68
The Hard (bony) palate anteriorly:
a bony septum between nose & mouth
69
Soft (muscular) palate posteriorly:
Fleshy septum between nasopharynx and oropharynx.
70
The hard palate is formed by (4 bones):
• 2 Palatine processes of the maxillae , ant 3/4 • 2 Horizontal plates of palatine bones , posterior ¼
71
From what is the floor of the nasal cavities made of?
Hard palate
72
The hard palate It is bounded by :
alveolar process of the maxilla anterolaterally
73
what is the foramen in the hard palate?
Incisive foramen infront
74
The mucosa of hard palate shows:
-Median raphe : Palatine raph -Transverse fold : Palatine rugae
75
It is movable muscular part of the palate:
Soft palate
76
The soft palate is extends from the posterior border of hard palate separating the …….. from the…………
The soft palate separate the Nasopharynx from oropharynx
77
The soft palate has …. Border,….surface,….arches.
2 border 2 surface 2 arches : Palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches.
78
The 2 border of the soft palate:
• Anterior (superior) border: attached to (posterior border of hard palate ) • Posterior (inferior) border: free and having the uvula
79
The 2 surface of the soft palate:
• Anterior surface (oral) : Concave • Posterior surface (nasal): Convex
80
Soft palate Composed of:
-Muscle fibers -An aponeurosis -Lymphoid tissue -Glands -Blood vessels -Nerves
81
Main structure of the soft palate :
- Palatine aponeurosis - Palatine muscles
82
The Palatine Aponeurosis :
• Fibrous sheath • Attached to posterior border of hard palate • Is expanded tendon of tensor velli palatini • Splits to enclose musculus uvulae • Gives origin & insertion to all palatine muscles
83
Soft Palate(Muscles) :
• Tensor veli palatini —>Tenses the soft palate • Levator veli palatini —>Elevates the soft palate •Palatoglossus —>Pulls palatoglossal fold toward midline •Palatopharyngeus —>Moves palatopharyngeal fold toward midline •Musculus uvulae —>Elevates uvula
84
(Soft palate) Tensor Veli Platini Origin Insertion Action
Tensor Veli Platini Origin : • Lateral said of auditory tube , • Scaphoid fossa of sphenoid bone Insertion: Palatine aponeurosis Action: • Tightens the soft Elevates the soft palate palate • Opens the auditory tube
85
(Soft palate) Levator Veli Platini Origin Insertion Action
Origin: • Petrous temporal bone • Inferior aspect of auditory tube Insertion : Upper surface of "palatine aponeurosis " Action : Elevates the soft palate palate
86
(Soft palate) Palatoglossus Origin Insertion Action
Origin: Inferior surface of palatine aponeurosis Insertion : Lateral margin of tongue Action : • Depresses palate • Moves palatoglossalarch toward midline • elevates back ofthe tongue
87
(Soft palate) Palatopharyngeus Origin Insertion Action
Origin : Superior surface of "palatine aponeurosis" Insertion : Pharyngeal wall Action : • Depresses soft palate • Moves palatopharyngeal archtoward midline • elevates pharynx
88
(Soft palate) Musculus Uvulae Origin Insertion Action
Origin : Posterior nasal spine of hard palate Insertion : Connective tissue of uvula Action : • Elevates and retracts uvula • thickens central region of soft palate
89
Nerve Supply of the soft palate
- Motor supply - Sensory supply
90
Motor supply of soft palate:
• All muscles of the palate are supplied by ""pharyngeal plexus"" of nerves EXCEPT "tensor velipalatini" (by mandibular nerve). • Motor innervation of soft palate can be tested by saying‘Ah’, normally soft palate rises upward and the uvula move backward in the middle line. افهموها بسسيطة
91
Sensory supply of soft palate:
1. Maxillary nerve through: • Greater palatine nerve • Lesser palatine nerve • Long sphenopalatine Nerve 2. Glossopharyngeal nerve.
92
Cleft Lip and Palate is :
• Congenital anomlies • "Defective fusion "of the various component of palate
93
Cleft Lip and Palate Aetiology:
genetic and environmental causes.
94
Cleft Lip and Palate Embryology:
Clefts lip and palate occur as a result of the "failure of fusion of the maxillary and frontonasal processes" during embryonic development.
95
The most important issues for newborns and infants with cleft lip and palate:
airway, feeding and speech development
96
Cleft Lip and Palate
Cleft Lip alone Cleft Palate alone Predominate Gender M F M:F 2:1 1:2 INCIDENCE 1:1000 1:2000
97
The most popular time of surgical correction for cleft palate is :
18-24 months after the eruption of the 1st molar
98
The time of cleft palate closure is very important in the development of
-speech -hearing -swallowing -dental occlusion -facial growth
99
Why we delay the repair of the cleft palate ?
to preserve Mid-face growth

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