L11: Antebrachium & Elbow Flashcards
(88 cards)
1
Q
fascial compartments of the forearm
A
ant/post
2
Q
septae separating compartments is continuous with ?
A
deep fascia
3
Q
posterior surface of forearm
A
- deep fascia thickens and forms transverse band
- turns grooves in distal radius into tunnels for extensor tendons
4
Q
extensor tendon tunnels: medial to lateral
A
- extensor digitorum and indicis
- extensor pollicus longus
- extensor carpi radialis brevis
- extensor carpi radialis longus
5
Q
dorsal tubercle location
A
between extensors: pollicus longus and carpi radialis brevis
6
Q
outcropping muscles
A
extensor and abductor pollicus longus
extensor pollicus brevis
7
Q
common function of anterior muscles
A
wrist and digit flexion
8
Q
common origin of muscles
A
the anterior muscles
medial epicondyle
9
Q
major nerve supply to anterior forearm muscles
A
median and ulnar nerves
10
Q
superficial muscles of anterior compartment
A
- -origin medial epicondyle
- pronator teres
- flexor carpi radialis
- palmaris longus
- flexor carpi ulnaris
11
Q
which muscle is often missing because it is not needed anymore?
A
palmaris longus — weak wrist flexor
12
Q
intermediate muscles of anterior compartment
A
flexor digitorum
13
Q
proximal and distal attachments of flexor digitorum
A
prox – humeroulnar head and radial head
dis – shafts of middle phalanges 2-5
14
Q
action of flexor digitorum
A
- flex middle and prox phalanges 2-5
- can flex each finer independently
15
Q
innervation of flexor digitorum
A
median nerve C7-8-T1
16
Q
flexor digitorum profundus prox/distal attachments
A
prox – proximal 2/3s of ulna and interosseous memb.
dis – distal phalanges 2-5
17
Q
flexor digitorum profundus action
A
- only muscle that can flex distal phal
- can flex index finger independently
18
Q
flexor digitorum profundus blood supply and innervation
A
-anterior interosseous artery
median nerve via ant. interosseous n c8-t1
ulnar n c8-t1
19
Q
list the deep muscles of the anterior antebrachium
A
- pronator teres-ulnar head
- flexor digitorum profundus
- flexor pollicus longus
- pronator quadratus
20
Q
flexor pollicus longus - proximal/distal attachment
A
prox - mid ant. radius and interosseous memb.
distal phalanx of thumb
21
Q
flexor pollicus longus action and innervation
A
flex distal phalanx of thumb
median nerve C8-T1
22
Q
muscles of the posterior antebrachium – common function, origin, and innervation
A
wrist/hand extension
lateral epicondyle
radial nerve via deep branch or post. interosseous n
23
Q
superficial muscles of posterior antebrachium originate from the ______ .
A
lateral epicondyle
24
Q
list the superficial muscles of the posterior antebrachium
A
- brachioradialis
- extensor carpi radialis longus
- ”” brevis
- extensor digitorum
- extensor digiti minimi
- extensor carpi ulnaris
25
all muscles of the posterior forearm are innervated by the _______ .
radial nerve
| via deep branch or post. interosseous n
26
list the deep muscles of the posterior forearm
1. supinator
2. extensor indicis
3. abductor pollicus longus
4. extensor pollicus longus
5. extensor pollicus brevis
27
list the outcropping muscles
1. abductor pollicus longus
2. extensor pollicus longus
3. extensor pollicus brevis
28
brachioradialis - prox/dis attachments
supraepicondylar ridge of humerus
distal radius
styloid process of radius
29
brachioradialis - action, blood supply and innervation
flex forearm when pronated (hammer curls)
radial collateral a, radial recurrent a, radial a
radial nerve C5-7
30
extensor carpi radialis longus - prox/dis attachment
lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus but below brachioradialis prox. attach.
dorsal base of 2nd metacarpal
31
extensor carpi radialis longus - action, blood supply and innervation
extend/abduct wrist - radial deviation
radial collateral/recurrent, recurrent interosseous a, post. interosseous a
radial nerve C6-7
32
extensor carpi radialis brevis - prox/dis attachment
lateral epicondyle
dorsal base 3rd metacarpal
33
extensor carpi radialis brevis - action, blood supply, and innervation
extends/abducts wrist
radial collateral/recurrent, recurrent interosseous a, post. interosseous a
deep branch of radial n C7-8
34
extensor digitorum - prox/dis attachment
lateral epicondyle
extensor expansions of 4 fingers
35
extensor digitorum - action, blood supply, and innervation
extend 4 fingers at MCP jt, some at PIP/DIP jts
post. interosseous a, recurrent interosseous, ant. interosseous a
pos. interosseous n C7-8
36
extensor digiti minimi - prox/dis attachment
lateral epicondyle
extensor expansion of 5th finger
37
extensor digiti minimi - action, blood supply and innervation
extend pinky at MCP
post. interosseous a, recurrent interosseous a, ant. interosseous a
post. interosseous n C7-8
38
extensor carpi ulnaris - prox./dis. attachment
lateral epicondyle
dorsal base of 5th metacarpal
39
extensor carpi ulnaris - action, blood supply and innervation
extend/adduct wrist
radial collateral, recurrent interosseous, post. interosseous
post. interosseous C7-8
40
4 muscles emerge from posterior antebrachium between extensor carpi radialis and extensor digitorum
1. abductor p longus
2. ext. p longus
3. ext. p brevis
4. ext. indicis
41
list the pronators and supinators of the forearm
pronator teres
pronator quadratus
biceps brachii
supinator
42
pronator quadratus - prox/dis attachment
distal ulna
distal radius
43
pronator quadratus - action and innervation
pronate forearm
help interosseous memb. hold bones together
ant. interosseous branch off median n C8-T1
44
pronator teres - prox/dis attachment
ulnar head - coronoid process
humeral head - medial epicondyle and supracondular ridge
mid lateral radius
45
pronator teres - action and innervation
pronate and flex forearm
median n C6-7
46
supinator - prox/dis attachment
lateral epicondyle
radial collateral/annular lig.
ulnar crest
prox. radius -- wraps around attaching to all surfaces
47
supinator - action and innervation
supinate forearm
deep branch of radial n C7-8
48
describe supination
bringing radius back to anatomical position
49
median nerve - forearm
supplies all anterior muscles not supplied by ulnar n
C7
gives off ant. interosseous n
50
median nerve forearm route
1. cross cubital fossa w/ brachial a
2. go between 2 heads of pronator teres
3. go between flexor digitorum superficialis and profundus
51
ulnar nerve - forearm
supplies flexor carpi ulnaris and half of flexor digitorum profundus
52
ulnar nerve forearm route
1. from posterior arm
2. thru sulcus in med. epicondyle
3. between heads of flexor carpi ulnaris
4. between flexor carpi ulnaris and flex. digit. prof.
53
radial nerve - forearm route
1. enters between brachioradialis and brachialis
2. in front of lat. epicondyle
3. enters cubital fossa
4. divides into 2 branches
54
deep branch of radial nerve
1. goes lat. about radial neck
2. renamed post. interosseous n
3. supply all extensor muscles except extensor carpi radialis longus and anconeus (radial n)
55
superficial branch of radial nerve
1. primarily cutaneous/sensory
2. runs w/ radial a
3. emerges deep to brachioradialis in distal forearm
4. supplies lateral post. hand, thumb, index finger
56
ulnar artery in mid forearm
w/ ulnar nerve
| under flexor carpi ulnaris
57
ulnar artery in distal forearm
superficial/lateral to flexor carpi ulnaris tendon
lateral to ulnar nerve
does not enter flexor retinaculum
58
branches of ulnar artery
1. anterior ulnar recurrent
2. post. ulnar recurrent
3. common interosseous (ant/post)
59
ulnar artery - short anastomoses
ant. ulnar recurrent to inferior ulnar collateral
60
ulnar artery - longer anastomoses, behind medial epicondyle
post. ulnar recurrent to superior ulnar collateral
61
which branch of the brachial artery is larger and smaller
ulnar - large
| radial - small
62
the radial artery winds dorsally thru …… ?
thru the anatomical snuff-box
63
branches of radial artery in forearm
1. radial recurrent
2. dorsal carpal a.
3. dorsal metacarpal/digital a
4. 1st dorsal metacarpal a
5. princeps pollicus
6. radialis indicis
64
the radial artery pieces _____ in the hand.
first dorsal interosseous muscle
65
after passing thru the _____ the radial artery gives off the _____ artery to the thumb.
first dorsal interosseous muscle
princeps pollicus to thumb
66
radial artery renamed in palm
deep palmar arch
gives off palmar digital arteries
joins ulnar a on medial side
67
ulnar artery renamed in palm
superficial palmar arch
joins radial - deep arch on lateral palm
68
elbow joint
uniaxial, hinge joint
forearm - flex/ext, supination and pronation
69
joints of the elbow complex
- humeroulnar jt
- humeroradial jt
- radioulnar jt (superior, inferior, intermediation)
70
humeroulnar jt
trochlear notch to trochlea
forearm flex/ext
71
humeroradial jt
fovea of radial head to capitulum
flex/ext, pro-sup-ination
72
superior radioulnar jt
radial notch of ulna and annular ligament
73
inferior radioulnar jt
ulnar notch of radius, articular disc, head of ulna
74
intermediate radioulnar jt
interosseous membrane syndesmosis
75
the cubital joint consists of ____ separate ______ .
3 separate articulations (joints)
76
cubital ligaments
medial/ulnar collateral
lateral/radial collateral
annular ligament
77
ulnar collateral ligament
medial side
med. epicondyle to coronoid process and olecranon
slack lig. results in valgus deformity
78
radial collateral ligament
lateral side
lat. epicondyle to annular ligament and olecranon
slack lig. results in varus deformity
79
note that the radial ligament does not …..
actually attach to the radius
80
annular ligament
attach to ulna
forms a sling around the neck of radius
goes around radius to start and end on ulna
81
what does the carrying angle refer to
the lateral deviation obtainable at the cubital joint even tho it is a hinge jt
82
axes of carrying angle
longitudinal axis of humerus
long axis thru trochlea line sideways thru trochlea
83
carrying angle per gender
male 5 degrees
| female 10-15
84
increase in carrying angle
cubitus valgus
85
decrease in carrying angle
cubitus varus
86
ulnar nerve to medial epicondyle
runs posterior to epicondyle close to olecranon
runs between the two heads of flexor carpi ulnaris
87
relate brachial artery to median nerve
art. runs lateral to nerve in anterior arm
then they cross in the cubital fossa
art. then runs medial to nerve in anterior forearm
88
relate bicipital aponeurosis to the brachial and median cubital veins
veins lie underneath the aponeurosis
can trap the median cubital artery against the aponeurosis to draw blood
