L2 - General Principles of Microbiology Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in L2 - General Principles of Microbiology Deck (15)
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1
Q

prokaryotic vs eukaryotic

A
  • haploid DNA
  • extrachromosomal DNA (plasmids)
  • simultaneous transcription and translation
  • lack of introns
  • polycistronic mRNA (one mRNA produces many proteins)
  • N-formylmethionine
  • organelles
2
Q

sporulation

A

process by which bacteria, when under extreme stress, can become temporarily inactive and enter a rugged state

3
Q

spiral-shaped bacteria

A

spirilla

4
Q

rod-shaped bacteria

A

bacilli

5
Q

spherical-shaped bacteria

A

cocci

6
Q

bacterial envelope

A
7
Q

prion

A
  • infectious proteins that are abnormal versions of host protein
  • marked by a shift from alpha helices to beta sheets
  • protease-resistant
  • accumulation leads to neurodegeneration
8
Q

stages of clinical infection

A
  1. Incubation - time from initial contact to first appearance of symptoms
  2. Prodormal - short period when symptoms of infection are notable
  3. Invasion - period of extensive multiplication, toxicity, inflammation, and symptoms
  4. Convalescent - period with decline of symptoms
9
Q

chain of infection

A
10
Q

innate vs adaptive immunity

A
11
Q

process by which bacteria, when under extreme stress, can become temporarily inactive and enter a rugged state

A

sporulation

12
Q

spirilla

A

spiral-shaped bacteria

13
Q

bacilli

A

rod-shaped bacteria

14
Q

cocci

A

spherical-shaped bacteria

15
Q

peptidoglycan

A

acetylglucosamine and acetylmuramic acid