L3 Flashcards
(47 cards)
two main types of lymphocytes
b lymphocytes (b cells)
t lymphocytes
b cells attack invaders ___ the cells
outside
t cells attack invaders ___ the cells
inside
b and t cells have ____ on their surface that can recognize ____ molecules
receptors
foreign
antibodies produced by b cells can either be _____ or ____-
on the surface
secreted
main functions of antibodies
bind foreign antigens encountered by host
mediate effector functions to neutralize or eliminate foreign invaders
antibody (ab) = _____ (ig)
immunoglobin
what does papain do
cuts at the disulphide bonds that link the heavy chains
what are fab fragments
fragment antigen binding
fc fragment
fragment crytallizable
antibodies are ____ with two identical ___ and two identical ___
heterodimers
light chains (L-chain)
heavy chains (H-chain)
what was the first intact antibody cystalized
mouse igG2a
molecules recognized by an antibody
proteins (most common)
carbs
lipids
dna
the parts of antigens recognized by antibodies are called ____
antigenic epitopes
antibody interaction with a speciifc binding site is determined by _____ of the antibody
hypervariable regions
the antigen binding site must be ____ in shape to the antigenic epitope
complementary
hypervariable regions form the _____
complementary determing region (HDR)
conformational epitopes
structural, formed by protein folding by may not be a continuous sequences of AA
most antibodies recognize these
linear epitope
continuous sequences of AA
less common
forced involved in antigen - antibody binding are ___
non covalent
affinity of antibody binding
strength of the bidning between an epitope and an antibody antigen binding site
crossreactivity
same antibodies could bind different antigenic epitopes
avidity
overall strength of an antibody-antigen complex
what are the three types of antibody response?
acquired
specific
memory
