L3 anatomy- general arthrology

Question 1

simple joint

Answer 1

e.g. scapulo- humeral joint

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Question 2

Hinge joint

Answer 2

specil form of condylar joint

(1 axis of movement)

e.g. elbow joint

Question 3

articular system

Answer 3

it forms in association to the skeletal system and muscular system in the form of joints

Question 4

self- pressurised hydrostatic lubrication

Answer 4

• joint compression

1. synovial fluid escapes from cartilage
2. cartilage electrical imbalance increases -> retains water
3. cartilage hydrostatic pressure increases
4. fluid load support increases
5. friction coefficient decreases

Question 5

cartilaginous joint

Answer 5

- has cartilaginous articular interzone - no articular cavity - moderate mobility = amphiarthrosis

Question 6

synarthrosis

Answer 6

immovable

Question 7

amphiarthrosis

Answer 7

slightly moveable

Question 8

arthrology

Answer 8

study of joints

Question 9

synchondrosis

Answer 9

• primary cartilaginous jont - articular cartilage = hyalin (ossified in time) - e.g. attachment of basiphenoid and bassioccipital

Question 10

sutura foliate

Answer 10

• one edge fits into a tissue or recess of adjacent bone

Question 11

symphysis

Answer 11

• articular cartilage = hyalin and fibre- cartilage (not ossified in time) - limited amount of movement - e.g. attachment of vertebral bodies b/t them

Question 13

sellar/ saddle joint

Answer 13

(2 axis of movement)

carpus joint (horse)

• concave fits with convex

Question 14

sutura squamosa

Answer 14

squamosa = scale - edges are beveled and overlapping

Question 15

Ligament

Answer 15

• connects 2 bones (or cartilage) together
• C.T. band for the articular system

Question 16

articular recess

Answer 16

extra- articular diverticulum that is generally located where the fibrous membrane is thinner or absent.

• its accumulation of liquid (dropsy) indicates synovial joint trouble

1. thin fibrous membrane
2. secretes EXCESS synovial fluid
3. fluid pushes onto the synovial membrane
4. pushes outside the membrane
5. if palpated; can feel pressure on the joint due to increase in fluid

Question 17

Tribology

Answer 17

studies the phenomenon of friction, wear and lubrication b/t 2 systems that are in contact

Question 18

suture

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Answer 18

type of fibrous joint… - bones are held together by a thin layer of dense fibrous tissue by interlocking projections - the fibrous tissue is ossified in time e.g. flat bones of the skull

Question 19

diarthroses

Answer 19

freely moveable

Question 20

syndesmosis

Answer 20

type of fibrous joint - not ossified in time - joint b/t radius and ulna- (fused in horse) - bones held together by a cord or sheet of dense fibrous tissue

Question 21

Lubrication modes

Answer 21

1. self- pressurised hydrostatic lubrication
2. boundary lubrication

Question 22

sutura plana

Answer 22

plana = plane

Question 23

sutura serrata

Answer 23

serrata = serrated

Question 24

condylar

Answer 24

(1 axis of movement)

condyle: cylindar will fit in cavity
e. g. femoro-tibial joint

Question 25

synovial joint

Answer 25

- freely moveable = diarthroses characteristics: - joint cavity - joint capsule (inner and outer synovial membrane) - synovial fluid - articular cartilage

Question 26

compound joint

Answer 26

(3 or more) e.g. femoro-tibio-patella joint ![]() SaveSave

Question 27

Pivot joint

Answer 27

(1 axis of movement) e.g. atlantoaxial joint

Question 28

boundary lubrication

Answer 28

- joint compression - boundary lubricants protect articular surface - hyaluronic acid + escaped water = gel --\> this increases viscosity

Question 29

spheroid joint

Answer 29

(3 axis of movement) e.g. coxofemoral joint

Question 30

locomotor apparatus

Answer 30

consists of the movement of the skeletal, articular and muscular systems- they are grouped in accordance to the divisions of the body

Question 31

Tendon

Answer 31

- connects muscle to bone - C.T. cord in accordance to the muscular system

Question 32

plane joint

Answer 32

with translation only e.g. sacro-iliac joint

Question 33

fibrous joint

Answer 33

joined by fibrous tissue and has a fibrous articular interzone - no articular cartilage - no joint cavity - no mobility - synarthrosis

Question 34

joint

Answer 34

- occurs where bones meet - classified by function - function: give the skeleton mobility and hold it together