L3 Shoulder, Axilla, And Arm

Question 1

What are the joints of the shoulder?

3

Answer 1

Sternoclavicular joint SC
Acromioclavicular joint AC
Glenohumeral joint

Question 2

SC joint type and shape

Answer 2

Saddle-shaped synovial

Between sternum and clavicle

Complex because it’s interrupted by disc

Question 3

SC joint movements

Answer 3

Elevation, depression
Retraction, protraction
Of scapula

Question 4

AC joint type and shape

Answer 4

Plane-shaped synovial
Allows gliding

Between lateral end of clavicle and acromion of scapula

Question 5

AC joint movements

Answer 5

Retraction, protraction of scapula

Anteroposterior axis

Question 6

What ligament(s) reinforce the AC joint?

Answer 6

Coracoclavicular (CC) ligament

Trapezoid portion is lateral
Conoid portion is more medial

Question 7

Is it possible to damage AC joint but not CC ligament?

Answer 7

Yes

Because they are in different locations

Question 8

What acromioclavicular (AC) dislocation and what does it look like clinically?

Answer 8

Shoulder separation when AC joint and CC ligaments are torn

Looks like bulge near the lateral portion of clavicle

Should separates from clavicle and falls because of the weight of upper limb

Question 9

Type and shape of glenohumeral joint?

Answer 9

Ball and socket synovial (most movement because moves around transverse, anterior/posterior, and vertical axis)

Between humorous and shoulder

Question 10

What’s the ligament associated with the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 10

Coracoacromial ligament

Very rigid , adds stability

Between coracoid and acromion of scapula

Question 11

What are the movements of the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 11

Flexion/extension
Medial/lateral rotation
Abduction/adduction
Circumduction

Question 12

What are the anterior axioappendicular muscles?

Answer 12

Pectoralis major
Pectoralis minor
Serratus anterior

Question 13

What are the posterior axioappendicular muscles?

Answer 13

Trapezius
Latissimis dorsi
Rhomboid major and minor
Levator scapulae

Question 14

What are the scapulohumeral muscles?

Answer 14

Deltoid
Teres major
Rotator cuff muscles

Question 15

What muscles are in the rotator cuff?

Answer 15

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Subscapularis

Question 16

Deltoid muscles movements

Answer 16

Origin is U shaped
Insertion is on humerus

anterior fibers: flexion/medial rotation
Middle fibers: abduction
Superior fibers: extension, lateral rotation

All parts working together: abduction

Question 17

What do all rotator cuffs do?

Answer 17

Stabilize the glenohumeral joint

Question 18

Rotator cuff injuries most commonly affect the

Answer 18

Supraspinatus

Question 19

Generally, the muscles innervated by nerve fibers proximal to the injury will do what?

Answer 19

Function

Question 20

Muscles innervated by nerve fibers distal to the injury will..

Answer 20

Be paralyzed or weakened

Question 21

If a nerve is injured what happen to the muscle fibers innervated by that nerve?

Answer 21

Will be paralyzed

Will also atrophy and muscle mass will decrease

Question 22

What’s the axilla?

Answer 22

AKA armpit
Good passage way from core to UE

Has posterior lateral border, medial border, and anterior lateral border

Question 23

What passes through the axilla?

Answer 23

A lot of nerves

If surgery is done to remove lymph nodes (in breast cancer patients) long thoracic and thoracordorsal nerves can be damaged

Question 24

What nerves are involved in brachial plexus?

Answer 24

C5, C6, C7, C8, T1

Question 25

From most proximal to distal, what are the five parts the brachial nerves are broken into?

Answer 25

``` Roots Trunks Divisions Cords Branches ```

Question 26

Suprascapular n travels where? And what muscles will it damage

Answer 26

Deep to transverse scapular ligament Supraspinatus and infraspinatus

Question 27

What are the three trunks of brachial plexus?

Answer 27

Superior Middle Inferior

Question 28

What are the three cords of the brachial plexus?

Answer 28

Lateral Posterior Medial

Question 29

What are the five major branches of brachial plexus?

Answer 29

``` Musculocutaneous Median Ulnar Radial Axillary ```

Question 30

What does the anterior compartment contain and what movements do they perform ?

Answer 30

Flexsion and pronation Musculocutaneous Median Ulnar

Question 31

What does the posterior compartment of the arm contain and what movements do they perform?

Answer 31

Extension and supination Radial Axillary