L4 Flashcards by Hosea Escala

Known to be the first local botanist to record
more than 200 plants that thrived in the
Philippines.

Ignacio Mercado
1648-1698

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Names or benefits of plants during this era was
known

Ignacio Mercado
1648-1698

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“Father of Philippine Science and Laboratory”

Anacleto del Rosario
1860-1895

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Won the first prize during the World Fair in Paris,
France in 1889.

Anacleto del Rosario
1860-1895

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Extracted castor oil from the palma christi,
literally the “palm of Christ” (castor bean), a native
plant in the Philippines

Anacleto del Rosario
1860-1895

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Was a Filipino medical doctor who studied
beriberi in infants in the Philippines.

Manuel Guerrero
1877-1919

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is a deficiency of thiamine: shortness
of breath during physical activity; waking up
short of breath; rapid heart rate, swollen lower
legs

Beriberi

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He studied in the Philippines and the US for his
PhD in Plant Taxonomy, Systematics and
Morphology from the University of Chicago in
1923

Francisco Quisumbing
1893-1967

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Filipino botanist claimed to be the inventor of
Quink ink used by The Parker Pen Company

Francisco Quisumbing
1893-1967

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The pioneer in the study of Philippine medicinal plants where he made tremendous contribution.

Eduardo Quisumbing

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Was a Filipino engineer, physicist, a National
Scientist, and inventor.

Gregorio Zara
1902-1978

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He was known as the father of video-conferencing;
invented the first two-way videophone.

Gregorio Zara
1902-1978

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He was also one of the country’s pioneer
aeronautical engineer having invented an airplane
engine that ran on plain alcohol as fuel.

Gregorio Zara
1902-1978

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developed “Enriched Rice,” a rice
variety fortified with vitamin B1, which helps
prevent beriberi.

Dr. Juan Salcedo

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His discovery helped reduce the cases of beriberi
in the Philippines and in other countries.

Juan Salcedo Jr.
1904 –1988

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Filipino biochemist and a National Scientist of the
Philippine, Who credited for his research in alternative
fuel.

Julian Banzon
1908-1988

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He researched on the production of ethyl ester
fuels from sugarcane and coconuts and devised a
method of extracting residual coconut oil through
chemical means.

Julian Banzon
1908-1988

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A Filipino agriculturalist and National Scientist of
the Philippines awardee, known as “the Father of
Philippine Plant Breeding.

Dioscoro Umali
1917-1992

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He was awarded several international honors
and distinctions for his outstanding achievements
and improvements of rice, corn and other
economic plants.

Dioscoro Umali
1917-1992

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Was a Filipino biologist who was named a
National Scientist of the Philippines in 2014.

Angel Alcala
1929-2023

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Known for his fieldwork to build sanctuaries
and to promote biodiversity in the aquatic
ecosystems of the Philippines.

Angel Alcala
1929-2023

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published more than 200 peer-reviewed
articles and books and his biological
contributions to the environment and
ecosystems

Angel Alcala
1929-2023

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Was a Filipino inventor and horticulturist best
known for inventing a way to induce more flowers
in mango trees using ethrel and potassium nitrate

Ramon Barba
1939 –2021

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was proclaimed a National Scientist of the
Philippines in June 2014.

Ramon Barba
1939 –2021

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• Most important medical invention • Invented out of the strain of Streptomyces erythreus • Aguilar was not credited for the discovery (US Company)

Erythromycin (1952)

• High mortality rate = no incubator (no electricity) • Dr. Fe del Mundo: Pediatrician and scientist • 1st Female, and Asian -Filipino = Harvard Medical School • August 6, 2011 (99 yr old) = cancer

MAKESHIFT INCUBATOR

Mole Remover | Cashew (Annacardium occidentale)

•Rolando Dela Cruz

BANANA KETCHUP

Maria Orosa = Taal, Batangas

• enduring symbol of Philippine ingenuity • left by the Americans and adopted by the Filipinos for transportation

E-Jeepney

Karaoke

Roberto del Rosario (1975)

Salamander Amphibious Tricycle

Victor Llave(2015)

SALt Lamp:

Aisa & Raphael Mijeno(2015)

Computer Microchips

Diosdado Banatao (1972)

Isolated Rice Breeds:

Dr. Rodolfo Aquino (1966)

Drug Detection

Dr. Enrique Ostrea

Jeepney

Post-war

Archeological findings show that modern man from Asian mainland first came over land on across narrow channels to live in Batangas and Palawan about 48,000 B.C.

Stone Age

1. simple tools and weapons of stone flakes around 40,000 B.C. 2. they were producing ornaments of seashells and pottery.

Stone Age

During this period Filipinos were engaged in extraction smelting and refining of iron from ores, until the importation of cast iron from Sarawak and later from China.

Iron Age

1. weave cotton, make glass ornaments, and cultivate lowland rice and dike fields of terraced fields utilizing spring water in mountain regions. 2. build boats for trading purposes.

Iron Age

▪ Prehistory and early history of the Philippines archipelago and its inhabitants ▪ Start of scientific and technological development ▪ Early Filipinos possessed a culture and technology that were quite advanced considering the timeline of history of science when it flourished

PRE-COLONIAL PERIOD

means of construction

Spaniards

▪ Formal education was formed: ◦ Religion ◦ Mathematics ◦ Reading and writing ◦ Music and Arts ◦ Health and sanitation ◦ Medicine and Biology

Spanish

Science during the American period was inclined towards agriculture, food processing, medicine and pharmacy. Not much focus was given on the development of industrial technology

COLONIAL PERIOD: AMERICANS

They established a government agency, ________, for the sole purpose of nurturing development in the field of science and technology.

the Bureau of Science

Studying tropical diseases; research center

AMERICAN PERIOD

After achieving independence from the colonizers, the Philippines, under different administrations, continue to pursue programs in science and technology. Each leadership had its own science and technology agenda. There was a deterioration of science in the Philippines that led to the creation of National Science Development Board (NSDB) in 1958; Pres. Garcia The reasons are lack of government support, lack of scientist and lack of public awareness of science.

Post-Colonial Period

The role of S & T in national development was emphasized