L55. CVS Overview

Question 1

What does pulmonary circulation refer to?

Answer 1

Deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs.

Question 2

What does systematic circulation refer to?

Answer 2

Oxygenated blood from the heart to the body. It returns deoxygenated blood to the heart.

Question 3

Give the superior and inferior borders of the “superior mediastinum”.

Answer 3

Line of first rib to T1

Sternal angle to T4-T5.

Question 4

Give the superior and inferior borders of the “anterior mediastinum”.

Answer 4

[In front of heart]

T5-T9.

Question 5

Give the superior and inferior borders of the “posterior mediastinum”.

Answer 5

[Behind the heart]

T5-T12

Question 6

Which organ makes up the “middle mediastinum”?

Answer 6

Heart

Question 7

Give the 3 layers of the heart inside the pericardial cavity.

Answer 7

Endocardium
Myocardium
Pericardium

Question 8

Blood drains from the upper body to the right atrium via which vessel?

Answer 8

Superior vena cava

Question 9

Blood drains from the lower body to the right atrium via which vessel?

Answer 9

Inferior vena cava

Question 10

Briefly describe the course of foetal circulation.

Answer 10

Mother takes food and oxygen-rich blood to baby.

Mixed blood containing foetal waste returns to the mother.

Question 11

Give an infection in the heart due to a dental abscess.

Answer 11

Infective endocarditis due to staph aureas

Question 12

What is atrial fibrillation?

Answer 12

Rapid, irregular contractions of different parts of the aria.

Question 13

What is ventricular fibrillation?

Answer 13

Rapid, irregular contractions of different parts of the ventricle.

Question 14

Name the 3 layers which make up the artery.

Answer 14

Tunica intima
tunica media
tunica adventitia

Question 15

Give an example of an elastic artery

Answer 15

Aorta

Question 16

Give an example of a muscular artery.

Answer 16

Coronary artery