LA local complications Flashcards
(27 cards)
Q: What is the most common local complication of local anesthesia?
A: Pain on injection.
Q: Which injection has the highest risk of causing hematoma?
A: Posterior Superior Alveolar (PSA) nerve block.
Q: What causes trismus after local anesthesia?
A: Trauma to medial pterygoid muscle or bleeding in the pterygomandibular space
Q: How do you manage a hematoma caused by LA injection?
A: Apply immediate pressure
use cold packs for the first 24 hours
Q: What is paresthesia and how is it caused?
A: Prolonged numbness or altered sensation due to nerve injury during injection especially the lingual nerve.
Q: How can you prevent facial nerve paralysis during IAN block?
A: Avoid over-insertion; always contact bone before injecting
Q: What should be done if a needle breaks during an injection?
Management:
When a needle breaks (visible): stay calm, instruct the patient not to move, remove the fragment with hemostat or Magill intubation forceps.
When a needle breaks (not visible): no incision or probing, inform the patient, refer to an oral surgeon, and determine if the fragment is superficial, then remove or leave it and follow up.
Q: Which type of needle is more likely to break?
A: Short thin (30-gauge)
Q: What causes burning sensation during local anesthetic injection?
A: Low pH of solution (especially with vasoconstrictors) or rapid injection.
Q: Why do aphthous ulcers sometimes occur after local anesthesia?
A: Due to tissue trauma or immune response after injection
Q: How do you manage persistent anesthesia (paresthesia) after LA?
A: Reassure patient
monitor; refer to specialist if persists beyond 8 weeks.
Q: Name two complications unique to the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) block.A:
Facial nerve paralysis and trismus (also hematoma)
Paresthesia
Causes:
Trauma to the nerve.
Contaminated local anesthesia solution.
Needle insertion inside a foramen.
Hemorrhage causing increased pressure.
Causes Of Ocular Complications?
Ocular Complications
Causes:
Orbital injection (inadvertent injection into the orbit through the inferior orbital fissure).
Trauma to the nerve.
Contaminated local anesthesia solution.
Needle insertion inside a foramen.
Hemorrhage (increased pressure causing paresthesia).
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