LAB 1

Question 1

Branch of biology that focuses on the study of the structure of organisms that both internal and external part

Answer 1

Anatomy

Question 2

Scientific terminology used by anatomists, zoologists, and health professionals

Answer 2

Anatomincal terminology

Question 3

Refers to the direction of the normal position of an animal

Answer 3

Standard Anatomical Position

Question 4

Standard anatomical position of humans

Answer 4

Vertical/Erect/Upright

Question 5

The standard anatomical position of tetrapod animals

Tetrapod - 4 legged

Answer 5

Horizontal

Question 6

The head end; the direction toward the head

(“____” for humans)

Answer 6

Cephalic / Cranial / Anterior

Superior

Question 7

The back

for humans

Answer 7

Dorsal

Question 7

The tail end; the direction toward the tail

In humans, the direction towards the foot

Answer 7

Caudal / Posterior

Inferior

Question 8

The back (for humans)

The upper side (for horizontal animals)

Answer 8

Posterior

Dorsal

Question 9

The front (for humans)

The underside (for horizontal animals)

Answer 9

Anterior

Ventral

Question 10

The underside

for horizontal animals

Answer 10

Ventral

Question 11

The sides

Answer 11

Lateral

Question 12

Left side

Answer 12

Sinistral

Question 13

Right side

Answer 13

Dextral

Question 14

The middle

Answer 14

Median

Question 15

my elbow is more proximal to my shoulder than my fingers

Describes a position that is closer to the median of the body or near a major point of reference

Answer 15

Proximal

Question 16

My toes are more distal to my hips than my knee

Desccribe a position that is further from the median of the body or away from a major point of reference

Answer 16

Distal

Question 17

A position that is towards the hand/forepaw from the median

Answer 17

Palmer

Question 18

A position that is towards the foot/hindpaw from the median

Answer 18

Planter

Question 19

A position that is towards the nose

Answer 19

Rostral

Question 20

Used to indicate directions between 2 or 3 of the cardinal directions

Answer 20

Oblique Directions

Question 21

Hypothetical planes used to transect or divide the body

Answer 21

Anatomical planes

Question 22

Three principle planes used in anatomy

Answer 22

1. Sagittal/Median Plane
2. Frontal/Coronal Plane
3. Transverse Plane/Cross Section

Question 23

Divides the body into left and right side

Answer 23

Sagital/Median Plane

Question 24

The sagittal plane is directly on the median line of the body, dividing the body into equal left and right side

Answer 24

Midsagittal

Question 25

The sagittal plane is not on the median line, but is parallel to it | The body is divided into unequal left and right sides

Answer 25

Parasagittal

Question 26

Divides the body into front and back / dorsal and ventral sides

Answer 26

Frontal / Coronal Plane

Question 27

Divides the body into cranial and caudal

Answer 27

Transverse Plane / Cross Section

Question 28

4 known symmetries found in the animal kingdom

Answer 28

1. Asymmetrical 2. Spherical Symmetry 3. Radial Symmetry 4. Bilateral Symmetry

Question 29

No symmetry, no definite form, or the body cannot be divided by planes into similar parts

Answer 29

Asymmetrical

Question 29

Ball-like; can be divided into 2 similar parts by a cut in any direction through the center | Very rare animal form and actually disadvantageous

Answer 29

Spherical Symmetry

Question 30

A number of planes can be drawn through the center, dividing the body into many equal parts

Answer 30

Radial Symmetry

Question 31

Animal the possesses a number of similar parts is called ___

Answer 31

Antimeres

Question 32

Refers to the center axis of the organism

Answer 32

Central

Question 33

Side of the radial animal where the mouth is located

Answer 33

Oral side

Question 34

Side of the radial animal opposite to the oral side

Answer 34

Aboral side

Question 35

Only one plane through which the body can be divided into 2 equal parts

Answer 35

Bilateral Symmetry

Question 36

They possess a head which contain the chief nervous organ and main sense organs

Answer 36

Cephalization

Question 37

Repitition of structural subunits when the body is composed of more or less similar parts

Answer 37

Metamerism

Question 38

Subunit/part is called a ___ or ___ | subunits of metameric animals

Answer 38

metamere or segment

Question 39

External and internal structures divided into similar units | homo = same

Answer 39

Homologous segmentations

Question 40

Divided into unequal segments/metameres

Answer 40

Heteronomous segmentation