LAB 7 & 8

Question 1

translates to “pore-bearers” because of the many pores in their simple tube-like or assymetrical body plan

Answer 1

Porifera

Question 2

a division of labour among cells

Answer 2

Cellular specialization

Question 3

flattened epithelial cells that line and form the outer covering of the sponge called pinacoderm

Answer 3

Pinacocytes

Question 4

a noncellular, gelatinous matrix containing and holding together the cells of the sponge

Answer 4

Mesohyl

Question 5

Cells with a single flagellum surrounded by a collar of microvilli

Answer 5

Choanocytes

Question 6

pores of the sponge

Answer 6

Dermal ostea

Question 7

They draw in water and filter food particles and
oxygen, as wells as release waste products

Answer 7

Choanocytes

Question 8

amoeba-like cells that are found near the choanocytes (to
receive food particles for digestion) or scattered within the mesohyl

Answer 8

Amoebocytes / Archeocytes

Question 9

small, sharp barbs or rods made of either silicone or calcium carbonate (or both)

They are structural elements of the sponge body

Answer 9

Spicules

Question 10

large spicule

Answer 10

megascleres

Question 11

Interconnecting collagen fibers throughout the mesohyl. It forms the skeletal framework of the sponge

Answer 11

Spongin

Question 12

a large, empty, central cavity of sponges where water collects after going through the pores

Answer 12

Spongocoel

Question 13

a large opening in the spongocoel where the water exits

Answer 13

Osculum

Question 14

Canal System of Sponge

Answer 14

1. Asconoid
2. Syconoid
3. Leuconoid

Question 15

the simplest body structure of sponges; small tube or vase shape

Answer 15

Asconoid

Question 16

the body wall is thicker
and contains canals that are lined by choanocytes

Answer 16

Syconoid

Question 17

largest and most complex body structure of sponges; The walls are filled with many small circular chambers that are lined with choanocytes

Answer 17

Leuconoid

Question 18

Cnidarians display ____. They come in two (2) forms: the ____, which is sessile and reproduce
sexually, and the ____, which is free-swimming and reproduce sexually

Answer 18

dimorphism, Polyp, Medusa

Question 19

the outer tissue layer

Answer 19

Epidermis

Question 20

jelly-like middle layer which maintains the shape of the cnidarian

Answer 20

Mesoglea

Question 21

the inner tissue layer that is lined with gastrodermal cells,
which releases digestive enzymes when food enters the gastrovascular cavity

Answer 21

Gastrodermis

Question 22

the incomplete/blind gut. It is often branched and extending into the tentacles

Answer 22

Gastrovascular cavity

Question 23

as the gut is incomplete, cnidarians only have one orifice for ingestion of food and excretion of waste

Answer 23

Mouth/Anus (Oral Disc)

Question 24

extensions of the body that forms a ring around the oral disc

Answer 24

Tentacles

Question 25

stinging cells called ___

Answer 25

cnidocytes

Question 25

stinging organelle called ____

Answer 25

nematocysts

Question 26

found only in the medusa form; it is the concave “top” of a jellyfish.

Answer 26

Bell

Question 27

found only in the polyp form; it is the “stalk” of the polyp which attaches it to the substrate/sea floor

Answer 27

pedal disc

Question 28

found only in corals (Class Anthozoa); secretes an exoskeleton made of calcium carbonate

Answer 28

Calicle