Lab 1 157

Question 1

Endocrine

Answer 1

Secrete within

Question 2

Endocrine glands

Answer 2

Ductless glands and cells that secrete hormones into ISF which then diffuse into the blood stream

Question 3

What does a hormone do

Answer 3

Provoke or set in motion

Question 4

List the functions of hormones

Answer 4

-regulate cell activity and growth
-regulate body functions and metabolism
-maintain homeostasis

Question 5

True or false
Hormones act on a specific target cell only

Answer 5

True

Question 6

True or false

Hormones are released in one part of the body but regulate cell activity in another part of body

Answer 6

True

Question 7

Stimulus for secretion of hormones

Answer 7

-signals from nervous system
-chemical changes in the blood
-other hormones

Question 8

Hypothalamus

Answer 8

Main link between the nervous system and the endocrine system

Question 9

What does the hypothalamus regulate

Answer 9

The pituitary gland

Question 10

Hypophysis

Answer 10

Pituitary gland

Question 11

What does hypophysis mean?

Answer 11

Under growth

Question 12

Where does the pituitary gland rest?

Answer 12

In the Stella turcica

Question 13

Anterior pituitary =

Answer 13

Adenohypophysis

Question 14

Posterior pituitary =

Answer 14

Neurohypophysis

Question 15

True or false
The posterior lobe of the pituitary synthesizes hormones

Answer 15

False, it does not synthesize hormones

Question 16

What two hormones are stored in the posterior pituitary

Answer 16

Antidiuretic hormone
Oxytocin

Question 17

How do ATDH and oxytocin get to the pituitary gland from the hypothalamus

Answer 17

By travelling down the nerve axons

Question 18

Where are the two hormones in the posterior pituitary synthesized

Answer 18

Synthesized by neurons in the hypothalamus

Question 19

How are hormones released from neurohypophysis

Answer 19

Hormone release is triggered by nerve signals from the hypothalamus

Question 20

What type of hormones does the hypothalamus secrete

Answer 20

Regulatory hormones

Question 21

When the hypothalamus secretes hormones where do they diffuse to

Answer 21

They diffuse into the primary capillary plexus of the hypophyseal portal system

Question 22

How are hormones distributed to target cells in the anterior lobe of pituitary

Answer 22

By the secondary capillary plexus

Question 23

What is the hypophyseal portal system

Answer 23

Network of blood vessels that connect the hypothalamus to the anterior lobe of the pituitary

Question 24

How many releasing hormones does the hypothalamus secrete

Answer 24

5 which stimulate secretion of anterior pituitary hormones
TRH
CRH
GnRH
GHRH
PRH

Question 25

How many inhibiting hormones does the hypothalamus secrete

Answer 25

2 inhibiting hormones which suppress secretion of anterior pituitary hormones GHIH Dopamine

Question 26

How many tropic hormones does the anterior lobe of pituitary gland secrete

Answer 26

7 tropic hormones in response to stimulus from regulatory hormones (secreted by hypothalamus)

Question 27

Tropic hormones

Answer 27

Turn on endocrine glands or support functions of other hormones

Question 28

TRH stimulates the release of what hormones

Answer 28

Thyroid stimulating hormone TSH Prolactin PRL

Question 29

CRH stimulates the release of what hormone

Answer 29

Adrenocorticotropic hormone ACTH

Question 30

GnRH stimulates the release of what hormones

Answer 30

Luteinizing hormone LH Follicle Stimulating hormone FSH

Question 31

GHRH stimulates the release of what hormone

Answer 31

GH

Question 32

What does glucagon “do”

Answer 32

Increases blood sugar

Question 33

What does insulin “do”

Answer 33

Decreases blood sugar

Question 34

Where are the adrenal glands located

Answer 34

Paired glands are one superior to each kidney

Question 35

What are the two components to each adrenal gland

Answer 35

Adrenal medulla Adrenal cortex

Question 36

Adrenal medulla

Answer 36

-in the centre of gland -Epinephrine and norepinephrine

Question 37

Adrenal cortex

Answer 37

-80-90% of the gland around the periphery -produces steroid hormones essential for life -also produces androgens (male sex hormones)

Question 38

Hypothalamo hypophyseal tract

Answer 38

Connection between hypothalamus and posterior pituitary

Question 39

3 layers of the suprarenal cortex

Answer 39

-Zona glomerulosa -Zona fasciculata -Zona reticularis

Question 40

What is the largest endocrine gland

Answer 40

Thyroid gland

Question 41

Name each endocrine gland

Answer 41

-hypothalamus -pituitary gland -pineal gland -thyroid gland -parathyroid glands -thymus -adrenal glands -ovaries -testes