Lab 4 157

Question 1

Innate

Answer 1

Non specific
Born with

Question 2

Adaptive

Answer 2

Specific

Question 3

B cells

Answer 3

Humoral immunity
-plasma cells—> antibodies (memory)

Question 4

T cells

Answer 4

Cell mediated immunity
-CD4 cells—-> MHC2
-CD8 cells—-> MHC1

Question 5

Lymph

Answer 5

Fluid formed from blood plasma
(Water, plasma proteins, ISF)

Question 6

What do lymphatic vessels do

Answer 6

Carry fluid

Question 7

What do lymphatic organs have

Answer 7

Have a CT capsule

Question 8

Lymphatic organs

Answer 8

1) thymus
2) spleen
3) lymph nodes

Question 9

What is the largest lymphatic organ

Answer 9

Spleen

Question 10

What is immune response

Answer 10

Produce, maintain and distribute lymphocytes

Question 11

How do lymphatic vessels against the vascular system circulate body fluids

Answer 11

-draining excess interstitial fluid
-transport dietary lipids absorbed by the gut to the blood

Question 12

MALT

Answer 12

Mucosa
Associated
Lymphoid
Tissue

Question 13

Where do vessels from the right arm empty into to

Answer 13

Empty into right lymphatic duct which empties into the right subclavian vein

Question 14

Where does the rest of the body empty into

Answer 14

Empties into thoracic duct which empties into left subclavian vein

Question 15

What do excess fluid in the tissue spaces become

Answer 15

Lymph

Question 16

How is lymph pumped back into heart

Answer 16

By skeletal muscles and respiration

Question 17

Lymphedema

Answer 17

Swelling due to obstruction in lymph node

Question 18

How many lymph nodes in typical young adult

Answer 18

≈450

Question 19

Two functions of lymph nodes

Answer 19

-cleanse the lymph
-act as a site of T and B cell activation

Question 20

Lymph shape

Answer 20

Elongated bean shaped structure with hilum
-enclosed with fibrous capsule with trabeculae that divide interior into compartments

Question 21

What’s divided into cortex and medulla in lymph node

Answer 21

Parenchyma

Question 22

Where do B cells multiply and differentiate into plasma cells

Answer 22

Germinal centers

Question 23

Pathogens

Answer 23

Agents capable of producing disease

Question 24

First line of defence

Answer 24

Skin, mucous membranes

Question 25

Second line of defence

Answer 25

Leukocytes, macrophages, NK, inflammation, fever

Question 26

Third line of defence

Answer 26

Adaptive immunity -defeats pathogen and leaves body with a memory

Question 27

What does NK cell produce

Answer 27

Perforins

Question 28

Where is NK present

Answer 28

In blood, spleen, lymph nodes, red bone marrow

Question 29

What does NK attack

Answer 29

Any body cells that fail to display MHC 1

Question 30

Inflammation steps

Answer 30

1) inflammation chemicals 2) margination -blood goes to site of injury 3) diapedesis 4) chemotaxis 5) phagocytosis

Question 31

What does adaptive specific immunity protect against

Answer 31

Infection, bacteria, viruses, bacterial toxins, cancer

Question 32

Cellular immunity

Answer 32

-lymphocytes directly attack foreign cells or diseased cells -ride the body of pathogens -kills cells that harbour them

Question 33

Humoral immunity

Answer 33

-mediated by antibodies that do not directly destroy pathogen but tag it -antibodies are dissolved in body fluids -effective against viruses, bacteria, yeats, protozoans, toxins, venoms, allergies

Question 34

Where do plasma cells go to mature

Answer 34

Red bone marrow

Question 35

Autoimmunity

Answer 35

-inability to recognize self -immune system attacks the body’s own tissue