lab 10 renal

Question 1

3 main roles of renal processes

Answer 1

glomeruli filtration, reabsorption, and tubular secretion

Question 2

functional unit of kidney

Answer 2

nephron

Question 3

kidneys play important role in

Answer 3

maintaining water balance, electrolyte, blood ph, blood pressure

Question 4

ratio , the main stimuli for renal function

Answer 4

blood volume, osmotic pressure,, Na and K

Question 5

osmotic balance trigger

Answer 5

neural and hormonal mechanisms

Question 6

secreted by hypothalamus, affects water balance, by regulating water reabsorption in nephron and thirst mechanisms

Answer 6

ADH (antidiuretic hormone)

Question 7

hormone from adrenal cortex; regulates plasma osmolarity by maintaining the Na levels

Answer 7

aldosterone

Question 8

rate of filtration

Answer 8

GFR glomeruli filtration rate (125/min)

Question 9

alters gfr by vasodilation and vasoconstriction via

Answer 9

sympathetic input or renin angiotestin mechanism

Question 10

180 L produced per day but only __ released or excreted

Answer 10

1.5 to 2.0 L

Question 11

secreting acidic ions

Answer 11

H+ into urine, HCO3- retaining ions

Question 12

features of urine under normal conditions

Answer 12

clear pale yellow, ammonia smell, ph 6.0, specific gravity 1.0

Question 13

cloudy urine

Answer 13

bacteria/infection

Question 14

dark tea colored or brown

Answer 14

acute nephritis

Question 15

yellow- orange

Answer 15

tubular secretion of antibiotics

Question 16

usually form when the renal buffering mechanisms are disturbed, urine abnormal ph

Answer 16

renal caculi/kidney stones

Question 17

acetone smell like (ketones) and glucose in urine

Answer 17

DM

Question 18

osmolarity depends on

Answer 18

water balance

Question 19

positive water results in

Answer 19

dilute urine of low specific gravity

Question 20

negative water balance

Answer 20

concentrated and high specific gravity