Lab 16 The Reproductive System and Embryo Development

Question 1

What is the reproductive role of the male?

Answer 1

To produce gametes (sperm cells/spermatozoa) and deliver them to the female reproductive tract

Question 2

What temperature is needed for the production of sperm?

Answer 2

lower than 3*C (core body temp)

Question 3

What are the accessory glands of the male reproductive system? What do they secrete?

Answer 3

-Seminal Vesicles (paired)
-Prostate Gland
-Bulbourethral Glands (paired)
They secret semen/seminal fluid that carries sperm during ejaculation

Question 4

What are the 3 cylindrical columns of erectile tissue the penis?

Answer 4

• Elastic Connective tissue
• Smooth Muscle
• Vascular Channels

Question 5

What is Spermatogenesis?

Answer 5

The process of sperm production in the seminiferous tubules.

Question 6

At what age do males start producing sperm?

Answer 6

10-12

Question 7

Define Spermatogonia.

Answer 7

Immature sperm cells located near the basement membrane.

Question 8

Which cells secrete testosterone?

Answer 8

Interstitial cells and Leydig cells

Question 9

What is the reproductive role of the female?

Answer 9

To produce gametes known as ova or eggs.

Question 10

What are the sex hormones of the female?

Answer 10

Estrogen and Progesterone

Question 11

Where does fertilization occur?

Answer 11

Oviduct (fallopian tube/uterine tube)

Question 12

What are the 2 regions of the uterus?

Answer 12

Body and Cervix

Question 13

What 3 layers make up the uterine wall?

Answer 13

Perimetrium
Myometrium
Endometrium

Question 14

What happens when fertilization does not occur?

Answer 14

The functional layer of the endometrium is shed during menstruation while the basal layer remains to regenerate a new functional layer.

Question 15

What structure secrets progesterone?

Answer 15

Corpus Luteum

Question 16

Which hormones stimulate ovulation?

Answer 16

Pituitary Hormones

Question 17

What is fertilization?

Answer 17

The fusion of ovum and sperm cells. (form zygote)

Question 18

What is the function of amniotic fluid?

Answer 18

Cushions and protects the embryo from trauma and extreme temperature change.

Question 19

What in placentation?

Answer 19

The forming of the placenta.

Question 20

When must an egg be fertilized?

Answer 20

Within 12-24 hours after ovulation.

Question 21

How long after deposition in the vagina can sperm still fertilize an egg?

Answer 21

Up to 48 hours.

Question 22

How many sperm actually reach the oviducts after ejaculation?

Answer 22

Only about 2000/300 million

Question 23

Which part of the blastocyst forms part of the placenta?

Answer 23

The trophoblast.

Question 24

When does the blastocyst adhere to the uterine wall?

Answer 24

6-7 days after fertilization.

Question 25

At how many weeks after fertilization is the blastocyst completely covered by the endometrium?

Answer 25

Around 2 weeks.

Question 26

What does HCG stand for?

Answer 26

Human Chronic Gonadotropin

Question 27

What is the pathway of sperm during fertilization?

Answer 27

1) Testes 2) Epididymis 3) Vas Deferens 4) Ejaculatory Duct 5) Urethra 6) Vagina 7) Cervix 8) Uterus 9) Ovi Duct (fertilization occurs here)

Question 28

What does the ectoderm form within the embryo? (Blue)

Answer 28

Epidermis, glands, nervous system

Question 29

Which germ layer gives rise to the epithelium lining, digestive system, and respiratory tract?

Answer 29

Endoderm (yellow)

Question 30

Mesoderm gives rise to what structures? (Red)

Answer 30

Muscles, bone, blood, heart, kidneys

Question 31

What is an ectopic pregnancy?

Answer 31

When the zygote embeds within the fallopian tube.

Question 32

What is placenta previa?

Answer 32

When the placenta blocks the neck of the uterus.

Question 33

How do false labour pains differ from actual labour pains?

Answer 33

False labour pains do not dilate the cervix.