Lab 2: Cardiovascular Anatomy

Question 1

What does the term AURICLE mean?

Answer 1

Ear-shaped

Question 2

What does the CORONARY SULCUS separate?

Answer 2

R. ATRIUM from the R. VENTRICLE

Question 3

What does the INTERVENTRICULAR SULCUS separate?

Answer 3

Separates L. and R. VENTRICLES

Question 4

What happens when blood flow to the heart muscle is blocked?

Answer 4

The muscle tissues begin to die

Question 5

Where does the R. ATRIUM receive blood from? Is it OXYGENATED or DEOXYGENATED blood?

Answer 5

Receives DEOXYGENATED blood from the SUPERIOR and INFERIOR VENA CAVA and from the CORONARY SINUS

Question 6

The PULMONARY TRUNK branches into the ?

Answer 6

L. and R. PULMONARY ARTERIES (going to the LUNGS)

Question 7

Do the PULMONARY ARTERIES carry OXYGENATED or DEOXYGENATED blood?

Answer 7

DEOXYGENATED

Question 8

Do the PULMONARY VEINS carry OXYGENATED or DEOXYGENATED blood?

Answer 8

OXYGENATED

Question 9

Why is the L. VENTRICLE wall so much thicker than the R.?

Answer 9

Because the L. VENTRICLE pumps blood to the whole body, as opposed to just the LUNGS

Question 10

F of PULMONARY ARTERIES

Answer 10

F - Carry DEOXYGENATED blood away from the HEART, to the LUNGS

Question 11

F of PULMONARY VEINS

Answer 11

F - Carry OXYGENATED blood to the HEART from the LUNGS

Question 12

F of CAPILLARIES

Answer 12

F - Bring nutrients and O2 to tissues and remove waste products

Question 13

VEIN or ARTERY:

Has valves

Answer 13

VEIN

Question 14

VEIN or ARTERY:

Has a thick TUNICA MEDIA

Answer 14

ARTERIES

Question 15

VEIN or ARTERY:

Most elastic BLOOD VESSEL

Answer 15

ARTERY

Question 16

Which TUNIC plays an active role in regulating blood pressure?

Answer 16

TUNICA INTIMA

Question 17

Which TUNIC provides a supporting and protective coat?

Answer 17

TUNICA EXTERNA

Question 18

Which TUNIC consists of a single layer of cells?

Answer 18

TUNICA INTIMA

Question 19

Which BLOOD VESSEL consists of only ENDOTHELIUM?

Answer 19

CAPILLARIES

Question 20

What tissue forms the TUNICA MEDIA?

Answer 20

SMOOTH MUSCLE

Question 21

What tissue forms the ENDOTHELIUM?

Answer 21

SIMPLE SQUAMOUS

Question 22

What tissue forms the TUNICA EXTERNA?

Answer 22

FIBROUS CT

Question 23

What are the 3 large branches of the AORTA?

Answer 23

1) BRACHIOCEPHALIC ARTERY
2) L. COMMON CAROTID ARTERY
3) L. SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY

Question 24

Which are the first BLOOD VESSELS to receive blood from the AORTA?

Answer 24

The CORONARY ARTERIES

Question 25

What is the CIRCLE OF WILLIS?

Answer 25

An arterial ring that circles around the PITUITARY GLAND, gives rise to the ANTERIOR, MIDDLE, and POSTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERIES

Question 26

DEEP VEINS...

Answer 26

...typically travel alongside an artery of the same name

Question 27

VENOUS SINUSES...

Answer 27

...e.g in the HEART (CORONARY SINUS) or in the DURA MATER, there are several sinuses providing quick drainage of the BRAIN

Question 28

Via which two BLOOD VESSELS does the SYSTEMIC system return blood from the various non-digestive organs and tissues of the body?

Answer 28

The SUPERIOR or INFERIOR VENA CAVA

Question 29

Where do the CORONARY ARTERIES originate from?

Answer 29

The base of the AORTA

Question 30

What does CAD stand for?

Answer 30

CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE

Question 31

What is CORONARY ISCHEMIA?

Answer 31

Not having enough BLOOD through the CORONARY ARTERIES, can be a result of HEART DISEASE or HEART ATTACKS

Question 32

What is a MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION?

Answer 32

A HEART attack

Question 33

When could cause a MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION?

Answer 33

Dec. BLOOD flow to a part of the HEART

Question 34

What is does a CORONARY BYPASS GRAFT (CABG) do?

Answer 34

Redirects BLOOD around partially/fully blocked ARTERIES in the HWRAT to improve BLOOD flow

Question 35

Which 2 pairs of major ARTERIES supply OXYGENATED blood to the BRAIN

Answer 35

VERTEBRAL ARTERIES and INTERNAL CAROTID ARTERIES

Question 36

The VERTEBRAL ARTERIES pass through the TRANSVERSE FORAMINA of which bones?

Answer 36

The CERVICAL VERTEBRAE

Question 37

What does CVA stand for?

Answer 37

CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT

Question 38

What is a more common term for a CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT?

Answer 38

A STROKE

Question 39

Give 3 symptoms of a CVA

Answer 39

1) Sudden numbness or weakness on one side 2) Drooping of the facial muscles 3) Difficulty speaking (F.A.S.T)

Question 40

Why is the MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY a common site for a CVA?

Answer 40

Because the MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY is located coming just off to the side of the CIRCLE OF WILLIS and the sharp turn is a site for blood turbulence.

Question 41

What is a HEMORRHAGIC STROKE?

Answer 41

A STROKE occurring from a ruptured BLOOD VESSEL

Question 42

What is a THROMBOTIC STROKE?

Answer 42

A STROKE occurring from blocked blood flow because of a clot