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BIO 153 > Lab 7: Lymphatic system and immunity > Flashcards

Lab 7: Lymphatic system and immunity Flashcards

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1
Q

Blood type A-
What kind of ANTIGENS on RBC surface?
What kind of ANTIBODIES in PLASMA?
Will it make anti-D ANTIBODIES?

A

A ANTIGENS
B ANTIBODIES
YES

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2
Q

Blood type A+
What kind of ANTIGENS on RBC surface?
What kind of ANTIBODIES in PLASMA?
Will it make anti-D ANTIBODIES?

A

A ANTIGENS
B ANTIBODIES
NO

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3
Q

Blood type B-
What kind of ANTIGENS on RBC surface?
What kind of ANTIBODIES in PLASMA?
Will it make anti-D ANTIBODIES?

A

B ANTIGENS
A ANTIBODIES
YES

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4
Q

Blood type B+
What kind of ANTIGENS on RBC surface?
What kind of ANTIBODIES in PLASMA?
Will it make anti-D ANTIBODIES?

A

B ANTIGENS
A ANTIBODIES
NO

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5
Q

Blood type AB-
What kind of ANTIGENS on RBC surface?
What kind of ANTIBODIES in PLASMA?
Will it make anti-D ANTIBODIES?

A

A and B ANTIGENS
NONE
YES

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6
Q

Blood type AB+
What kind of ANTIGENS on RBC surface?
What kind of ANTIBODIES in PLASMA?
Will it make anti-D ANTIBODIES?

A

A and B ANTIGENS
NONE
NO

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7
Q

Blood type O-
What kind of ANTIGENS on RBC surface?
What kind of ANTIBODIES in PLASMA?
Will it make anti-D ANTIBODIES?

A

NONE
A and B ANTIBODIES
YES

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8
Q

Blood type O+
What kind of ANTIGENS on RBC surface?
What kind of ANTIBODIES in PLASMA?
Will it make anti-D ANTIBODIES?

A

NONE
A and B ANTIBODIES
NO

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9
Q

What is meant by TRANSFUSION REACTION?

A

A reaction in the BLOOD associated with HEMOLYSIS

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10
Q

What are possible consequences of a TRANSFUSION REACTION?

A 
Severe = HEMOLYSIS, transfusion rejected
Moderate = Allergic reactions symptoms (hives, itching, fever, etc.)
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11
Q

Define AGGLUTINOGEN

A

The clumping of particles

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12
Q

Define AGGLUTININ

A

An ANTIBODY, LECTIN, or other substance that cause AGGLUTINATION

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13
Q

Define HOMOLOGOUS TRANSFUSION

A

Infusing the BLOOD of a compatible donor

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14
Q

Define AUTOLOGOUS TRANSFUSION

A

The collection and re-infusion of patients own BLOOD or BLOOD components

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15
Q

True or false:

Those with the RHESUS FACTOR can only donate to others with the RHESUS FACTOR

A

TRUE

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16
Q

True or false:
O- can receive from any other BLOOD type
AB+ can donate to every other BLOOD type

A

FALSE, other way around

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17
Q

True or false:

A- can donate to A+

A

TRUE

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18
Q

True or false:

B+ can donate to B-

A

FALSE, RHESUS can only give to other RHESUS

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19
Q

True or false:

B+ can receive from AB+

A

FALSE, AB+ only gives to AB+

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20
Q

What does HDN stand for?

A

HEMOLYTIC DISEASE OF THE NEWBORN

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21
Q

What causes HDN?

A

When mum and babe have different BLOOD types and they mix

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22
Q

How can HDN be prevented?

A

If mum is RHESUS -, she can take Rh Immunoglobulin (RhoGAM) to stop her ANTIBODIES from reacting with her baby’s

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23
Q

3 Fs of the LYMPHATIC SYSTEM

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. Removal of INTERSTITIAL FLUID from TISSUES
  2. Absorbs and transports FATTY ACIDS and FATS as CHYLE from the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
  3. Transports WBCs to and from LYMPH NODES into the BONES
24
Q

Where are the PALATINE TONSILS?

Study These Flashcards
A

Rear of the THROAT

25
Where are the LINGUAL TONSILS?
Back of the TONGUE
26
Where are the PHARYNGEAL TONSILS?
Back wall of NASAL PHARYNX
27
What is another name for the PHARYNGEAL TONSILS?
The ADENOID TONSILS
28
3 Fs of the SPLEEN
1. Acts as a filtration system for the BLOOD 2. Recycles old RBCs 3. Stores PLATELETS and WBCs
29
What kind of CELLS does the RED PULP of the SPLEEN contain?
RBCs
30
What kind of CELLS does the WHITE PULP of the SPLEEN contain?
LYMPHOCYTES
31
What IMMUNE CELLS mature in the THYMUS?
T CELLS
32
What HORMONE is secreted by the THYMUS to facilitate IMMUNE CELL growth?
THYMOSIN
33
S and F of the LYMPH NODES
S - RETICULAR FIBERS | F - Filter LYMPH before it is returned to VENOUS circulation
34
3 REGIONS where LYMPH NODES are particularly numerous
1. CERVICAL REGION 2. AXILLARY REGION 3. INGUINAL REGION
35
Why are LYMPH NODES a common site for cancer metastasis?
Because everything is filtered and passes through the LYMPH NODES, making it a very easy place to spread cancer to
36
How does LYMPH CIRCULATE?
Through SKELETAL PUMPS
37
What structures in LYMPH VESSELS prevent backflow?
One way VALVES
38
What REGIONS does the R. LYMPHATIC DUCT drain? Into which VEIN? What REGIONS does the THORACIC DUCT drain? into which VEIN?
R. LYMPHATIC DUCT = R. CERVICAL REGION and R. arm, drains into the JUGULAR V. THORACIC DUCT = Everywhere else, drains into the L. SUBCLAVIAN V.
39
What is the F of INTERFERONS ? | Are they a specific or non-specific defense mechanism?
Proteins secreted by VIRUS-INFECTED CELLS, signal surrounding CELLS to protect themselves against VIRAL infection, activate NKs and MACROPHAGES Non-specific
40
What is the F of NATURAL KILLER (NK) CELLS? | Are they a specific or non-specific defense mechanism?
Special LYMPHOCYTES that patrol PERIPHERAL TISSUES, recognize/destroy abnormal CELLS when low MHC 1 levels are detected Non-specific
41
What is the F of MACROPHAGES? | Are they a specific or non-specific defense mechanism?
Large PHAGOCYTE that engulfs cellular debris, foreign particles/CELLS, present ANTIGENS to HELPER Ts Non-specific
42
What is the F of INFLAMMATORY MEDIATORS? | Are they a specific or non-specific defense mechanism?
Chemicals secreted by CELLS that trigger INFLAMMATION | Non-specific
43
What is the F of DENDRITIC CELLS? | Are they a specific or non-specific defense mechanism?
Type of MACROPHAGE found in the EPIDERMIS and MUCOUS MEMBRANES, engulf cellular debris/foreign particles/CELLS, present ANTIGENS to HELPER Ts Non-specific
44
What is the F of CYTOTOXIC T CELLS? | Are they a specific or non-specific defense mechanism?
T CELLS that secrete PERFORINS and GRANZYMES to destroy abnormal CELLS, VIRUS-INFECTED CELLS, and/or transplant CELLS Specific
45
What is the F of HELPER T CELLS? | Are they a specific or non-specific defense mechanism?
T CELLS that secrete CYTOKINES (chemical signals) that mobilize other IMMUNE CELLS Specific
46
What is the F of MEMORY CELLS? | Are they a specific or non-specific defense mechanism?
Long-lived T/B LYMPHOCYTES that are produced following exposure to an ANTIGEN and provide IMMUNITY over many years specific
47
What is the F of PERFORINS? | Are they a specific or non-specific defense mechanism?
Proteins secreted by NKs and CYTOTOXIC Ts that make holes in target CELLS Non-specific
48
What is the F of GRANZYMES? | Are they a specific or non-specific defense mechanism?
ENZYMES released by NKs and CYTOTOXIC Ts that induce CELL death by degrading cellular PROTEINS and DNA Non-specific
49
What is the F of ANTIGEN-PRESENTING (AP) CELLS? | Are they a specific or non-specific defense mechanism?
Display foreign ANTIGENS on MHC 2 PROTEINS to HELPER Ts | Non-specific
50
What is the F of B CELLS? | Are they a specific or non-specific defense mechanism?
ANTIGEN PRESENTING CELLS; differentiate into PLASMA CELLS | Specific
51
What is the F of PLASMA CELLS? | Are they a specific or non-specific defense mechanism?
B LYMPHOCYTES that secrete ANTIBODIES | Specific
52
What is the F of ANTIBODIES? | Are they a specific or non-specific defense mechanism?
PROTEINS secreted by PLASMA CELLS that circulate in the BLOOD where they recognize and bind foreign ANTIGENS
53
4 LYMPHOID organs
1. THYMUS 2. SPLEEN 3. TONSILS 4. APPENDIX
54
Where are B CELLS produced?
In the BONE MARROW
55
Explain PASSIVE IMMUNITY
PASSIVE IMMUNITY is when a person is given ANTIBODIES rather than producing them in their own IMMUNE SYSTEM
56
Explain ACTIVE IMMUNITY
ACTIVE IMMUNITY is when the body produces it's own ANTIBODIES, may take a lot longer

BIO 153 (13 decks)

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