Lab 3

Question 1

The right atrium receives blood from…

Answer 1

Atria – receiving chambers.
Right atrium – receives blood from systemic circulation.

Question 2

The left atrium receives blood from…

Answer 2

Left atrium – receives blood from pulmonary circulation.

Question 3

The right ventricle discharges blood into…

Answer 3

Ventricles – discharging chambers.
Right ventricle – sends blood out into pulmonary circulation.

Question 4

The left ventricle discharges blood into…

Answer 4

Left ventricle – sends blood out into systemic circulation.

Question 5

What is the pathway of the delivery system of blood?

Answer 5

Arterial system (away from heart)
Delivery system – supplies oxygenated blood (pulmonary exception).
Aorta – artery – arteriole: blood flowing away from heart towards capillary bed.

Question 6

What is the pathway of the discharging system of blood?

Answer 6

Venous system (towards heart)
Removal system – drains deoxygenated blood (pulmonary exception).
Venule – vein – vena cava blood flowing away from capillary bed towards heart.

Question 7

What does microcirculation refer to?

Answer 7

Capillary bed
Exchange area.
Microcirculation: arteriole – capillary bed – venule.

Question 8

What is lumen?

Answer 8

Space where blood is flowing

Question 9

What is endothelium?

Answer 9

Inner layer; directly in contact with blood

Question 10

What is the basement membrane?

Answer 10

Support for endothelium

Question 11

What is the elastic connective tissue?

Answer 11

Allow stretch for incoming blood; return to original shape after

Question 12

What is smooth muscle?

Answer 12

Regulates the inner vessel lumen radius

Question 13

What is fibrous connective tissue?

Answer 13

Tensile strength to handle pressire

Question 14

What are the layers of an elastic artery?

Answer 14

• Fibrous CN
• Elastic CN
• Smooth muscle
• Elastic CN
• Basement membrane
• Edothelium

Question 15

What are the layers of a muscular artery?

Answer 15

• Fibrous CN
• Smooth muscle
• Elastic CN
• Basement membrane
• Edothelium

Question 16

What are the layers of an arteriole?

Answer 16

• Fibrous CN
• Smooth muscle
• Basement membrane
• Edothelium

Question 17

What are the layers of a capillary?

Answer 17

• Basement membrane
• Endothelium

Question 18

What are the layers of a venule?

Answer 18

• Fibrous CN
• Smooth muscle
• Basement membrane
• Endothelium

Question 19

What are the layers of a medium-sized vein?

Answer 19

• Fibrous CN
• Smooth muscle
• Elastic CN
• Basement membrane
• Endothelium

Question 20

What are the layers of a large vein?

Answer 20

• Fibrous CN
• Smooth muscle
• Elastic CN
• Basement membrane
• Endothelium

Question 21

What is the main difference between an elastic and a muscular artery?

Answer 21

An elastic artery has more elastic connective tissue; whereas, a muscular artery has more smooth muscle tissue

Question 22

What are the main differences between arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules and veins?

Answer 22

Artery: large elastic connective tissue and smooth muscle layers
Arteriole: similar structures to muscular arteries just thinner layers.
Capillary: no elastic and fibrous connective tissue layers or smooth muscle layer.
Venule and vein: thin layers elastic and fibrous connective tissues and smooth muscle.

Question 23

Coronary arteries arise from…

Answer 23

The ascending aorta

Question 24

What is the branching coronary pathway?

Answer 24

Coronary circulation is part of larger systemic circulation.
Right and left coronary arteries come off ascending aorta on surface of heart and supply the heart itself

1)Right coronary artery supplying right side of heart; left coronary artery supplying left side of heart
2) Coronary arteries will lead to coronary arterioles
3) Coronary capillaries (exchange area)
4) Coronary capillaries lead to coronary venules
5) Coronary veins to coronary sinus.

–>Coronary sinus if formed when several coronary veins come together.

–>Coronary sinus enters right atrium to return blood to heart.

Question 25

What are the 3 branches of the aortic arch?

Answer 25

Upper systemic circulation (subclavian and common carotid) Brachiocephalic trunk (right common carotid and right subclavian) Left common carotid Left subclavian

Question 26

The subclavian artery mainly supplies...

Answer 26

Blood to the shoulder and upper limb

Question 27

The common carotid artery mainly supplies...

Answer 27

Blood to the neck and head

Question 28

The common carotid artery divides into...

Answer 28

Internal and external carotid at the carotid sinus

Question 29

The internal carotid mainly supplies...

Answer 29

The brain

Question 30

he external carotid mainly supplies...

Answer 30

Face and scalp

Question 31

Is there a common jugular vein where the external and internal jugular veins drain deoxygenated blood?

Answer 31

No, there is no common jugular vein. The external and internal jugular veins attach directly to the subclavian vein

Question 32

What composes the upper systemic circulation on the venous side?

Answer 32

External jugular vein, internal jugular vein, and subclavian vein

Question 33

The external jugular vein mainly drains blood from...

Answer 33

Face and scalp

Question 34

The internal jugular vein mainly drains blood from...

Answer 34

The brain

Question 35

The subclavian vein mainly drains blood from...

Answer 35

Shoulder and upper limb

Question 36

When left jugular vein and subclavian vein join, form...

Answer 36

Brachiocephalic vein

Question 37

Left and right brachiocephalic veins join and form...

Answer 37

Superior vena cava

Question 38

Which subclavian vein is larger and why?

Answer 38

Left brachiocephalic vein is longer than right due to position of heart

Question 39

What are the 3 pathways through which systemic circulation can re-enter the right atrium?

Answer 39

1) Coronary sinus / mainly drains blood from heart. 2) Superior vena cava / mainly drains blood from upper systemic circulation. 3) Inferior vena cava / mainly drains blood from lower systemic circulation (portions of torso, hip, and lower limb).

Question 40

Blood enters the capillary bed through...

Answer 40

Enter capillary bed (exchange area) from arteriole (smooth muscle layer wrapped around arteriole)

Question 41

A capillary bed is made up of...

Answer 41

A “capillary bed” is made up of individual capillaries

Question 42

What is a metarteriole?

Answer 42

Metarteriole – direct blood flow path through capillary bed.

Question 43

What are the precapillary sphincters? How do these regulate blood flow?

Answer 43

Precapillary sphincters – valves controlling access to capillaries past sphincter (sphincter open blood can flow into area past sphincter; sphincter closed blood flow cannot enter area past sphincter).

Question 44

Blood comes out the capillary bed through...

Answer 44

Come out of capillary bed into venule