Lab 3

Question 1

Supplemental oxygen administration

Answer 1

is recommended for hypoxemic patients (Pao2 < 80 mmHg, Spo2 < 94%, cyanosis)

Question 2

Clinical signs of hypoxemia

Answer 2

increased respiratory rate, increased respiratory effort, flaring of nostrils, cyanosis

Question 3

Hypoxemia is ….

Answer 3

mostly the result of respiratory disease– which may be primary or secondary to cardiovascular disease and trauma

Question 4

Oxygen supplementation techniques

Answer 4

• Flow-by oxygen
• Face mask
• Bag method
• Oxygen hood
• Nasal catheter
• Transtracheal oxygen
• Oxygen cage

Question 5

Flow-by oxygen

Answer 5

• A tube is attached to an oxygen source and the open end of the tube is held approximately 6 inches from animal’s mouth and nose

Question 6

Face mask

Answer 6

• Mask is placed over muzzle and connected to a rebreathing or nonrebreathing tube attached to an oxygen source

Question 7

Bag method

Answer 7

• Clear plastic bag is placed around the pet carrier or box, an oxygen line is then inserted through a hole in the bag to deliver oxygen

Question 8

Oxygen hood

Answer 8

• Elizabethan collar applied with the bottom 2/3’s of the front covered with Saran wrap, oxygen line is inserted through base of the collar to a point two inches from the end
• Commercial hoods are also available

Question 9

Nasal catheter

Answer 9

• A flexible red rubber catheter or premade nasal cannula is inserted into the caudal aspect of the nasal cavity, the external end of the catheter is connected to an oxygen line
• Humidification of air is recommended

Question 10

Transtracheal oxygen

Answer 10

• Nasal catheter is aseptically inserted into trachea between 4th and 5th tracheal ring and attached to an oxygen line
• Nasal tracheal catheters can also be passed through the nasal cavity, down the epiglottis, and into the trachea to deliver oxygen

Question 11

Oxygen cage

Answer 11

• Solid enclosures whose internal environment can be controlled– oxygen concentration, humidity, and temperature can be controlled. Carbon dioxide is vented from the enclosure.

Question 12

Orogastric Intubation

Answer 12

• The placement of a tube that extends from the oral cavity into the stomach

Question 13

Purpose of Orogastric Intubation

Answer 13

• To administer medications and radiographic contrast agents
• To remove stomach contents
• To perform gastric lavage- rinse away sludge. Also done if animal ingests a toxin
• To administer nutrients

Question 14

Equipment needed for Orogastric Intubation

Answer 14

stomach tube, mouth speculum, or a roll of tape, lubricant

Question 15

Procedure for Orogastric Intubation

Answer 15

1. Restrain dog in standing or sternal recumbency
2. Premeasure tube
3. Lubricate tip of tube
4. Place speculum in oral cavity
5. Pass stomach tube
6. Check for correct tube placement

Question 16

Complications of Orogastric Intubation

Answer 16

• Administration of materials into the respiratory tract
• Esophageal trauma
• Gastric irritation or perforation