lab 3 - chapters 4,5,6

Question 1

_______ are experiences resulting from stimulation of the senses

Answer 1

perception

Question 2

_______ refers to the set of processes by which we recognize, organize, and make sense of the sensations we receive from environmental stimuli

Answer 2

perception

Question 3

what we sense (in our sensory organs) is _________ as what we perceive (in our minds)

Answer 3

not the same

Question 4

we sense with our ______ and perceive in our _____

Answer 4

sensory organs

minds

Question 5

the problem with ______ is understanding what is going on outside of the _____

Answer 5

perception

brain

Question 6

perception is necessary in order to ____________

Answer 6

know how to act to achieve goals

Question 7

the challenge with perception, known as __________, is knowing how to determine the distal stimulus from the proximal stimulus

Answer 7

the inverse problem

Question 8

the _____ stimulus refers to what is out in the world, whereas the _____ stimulus refers to what we sense

Answer 8

distal

proximal

Question 9

______ refer to information learned on a timescale of evolution

Answer 9

genes

Question 10

_______ is a source of information that is learned on a timescale of a human life

Answer 10

past experience

Question 11

the ________ refers to a source of information learned on a timescale of current episode

Answer 11

internal state

Question 12

________ are specialized cells to transduce (convert) external phenomena (light, sound, pressure, etc…) into neural signals

Answer 12

sensory receptors

Question 13

the _______ is the way from the sensory recepetors via thalamic nuclei to the cerebral cortex

Answer 13

neural pathway

Question 14

the __________ refers to an an attempt to construct useful representation of distal stimulus

Answer 14

hierarchy of cortical areas

Question 15

the _______systems are responsible for transducing the proximal stimulus into the neural stimulus

Answer 15

sensory

Question 16

• study how eye processes light with visual system*

Answer 16

study how ear processes sound with auditory system

Question 17

_____ is created by changes in air pressure

Answer 17

sound

Question 18

the ______ converts changes in air pressure into mechanical vibrations

Answer 18

tympanum (ear drum)

Question 19

vibrations travel through ________ to the oval window of the cochlea

Answer 19

ossicles (bones of the middle ear)

Question 20

the hair cells in _____ detect vibrations

Answer 20

cochlea

Question 21

location of maximal excitation along the basilar membrane depends on sound __________

Answer 21

frequency

Question 22

________ detects pressure, vibration and distortion in the somatosensory system

Answer 22

mechanoreception

Question 23

_______ detects temperature (hot and cold) in the somatosensory system

Answer 23

thermoreception

Question 24

_______ detects harmful chemical, mechanical, or thermal stimuli in the somatosensory system

Answer 24

Nocioception

Question 25

______ detects mechanical forced on muscles, tendons and joints in the somatosensory system

Answer 25

Proprioception

Question 26

the proximal stimulus is represented on a ______ scale, not an ______ scale

Answer 26

relative

absolute

Question 27

the influence of context on _______ begins very early in ______ pathways

Answer 27

perception

sensory

Question 28

the ___________ is the smallest detectable change in a stimulus

Answer 28

just noticeable difference (JND)

Question 29

the JND is proportional to the _______ of the stimulus

Answer 29

magnitude

Question 30

________ neurons have larger receptive fields

Answer 30

higher-order

Question 31

_______ neurons respond to more complex sensory stimuli

Answer 31

higher order

Question 32

perceptual resolution and _______ are inversely related to sensory receptive field size

Answer 32

acuity