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BIOL 252L > Lab 5 > Flashcards

Lab 5 Flashcards

(105 cards)

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1
Q

Parts of muscle

A

Tendon, muscle belly, blood vessels, nerves

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2
Q

Part of the muscle that is visible through gross observation

A

fasicles

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3
Q

Outermost layer of connective tissue of muscle

A

epimysium

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4
Q

Groupings surrounded by epimysium

A

fascicles

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5
Q

Subunits of fascicles

A

skeletal muscle fiber

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6
Q

types of fascicle arangement

A

parallel, convergent, pennate, circular

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7
Q

Parallel fascicle

A

simplest arrangement, contraction shortens the muscle, bringing attachments closer together

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8
Q

Convergent fascicle

A

narrow attachment on one side and broad attachment on the other side, parts of muscle may be activated independently

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9
Q

Pennate fascicles

A

attachment at an angle to the tandon, have mant more cells but much shorter muscle cells/fascicles

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10
Q

Compared to pennate muscles, parallel muscles have a _____ numbers of cells, but with a _____ range of motion.

A

smaller; longer

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11
Q

Muscle origin

A

the more stable attachment that is often more proximally or more medially located on the body

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12
Q

Muscle insertion

A

the more mobile and often more distally located attachment

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13
Q

Facial muscle innervation

A

cranial nerves

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14
Q

Muscles of facial expression

A

Frontalis, Orbicularis oris, Zygomaticus major, Buccinator, Depressor anguli oris, Occipitalis, Platysma, Orbicularis oculi

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15
Q

Muscles of facial expression innervation

A

CN VII, facial nerve

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16
Q

Frontalis action

A

raises eyebrows

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17
Q

Orbicularis oris action

A

purses lips

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18
Q

Zygomaticus major action

A

raises corners of lips (smiling)

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19
Q

Buccinator action

A

compresses cheeks

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20
Q

Depressor anguli oris action

A

lowers corners of lips

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21
Q

Occipitalis action

A

tenses scalp

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22
Q

Platysma action

A

tenses neck and depresses the mandible

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23
Q

Orbicularis oculi

A

closes eyelids

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24
Q

muscles of mastication

A

Masseter, Temporalis, Medial pterygoid, Lateral pterygoid

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25
muscles of mastication innervation
CN V, trigeminal nerve
26
masseter action
elevated mandible (closing)
27
temporalis action
elevates mandible (closing)
28
medial pterygoid action
elevates jaw, moves jaw medially
29
lateral pterygoid action
protudes the lower jaw (opening)
30
Extraocular muscles
Medial rectus, Lateral rectus, Superior rectus, Inferior rectus, Superior oblique, Inferior oblique
31
Extraocular muscles function
positioning the eyeball
32
extraocular muscle innervation
CN III (oculomotor), CN IV (trochlear), CN VI (abducens)
33
medial rectus action
turns eye medially
34
lateral rectus action
turns eye laterally
35
superior rectus action
turns eye superiorly
36
inferior rectus action
turns eye inferiorly
37
superior oblique
turns eye inferiorly and laterally, attaches obliquely on eyeball and at the back of the orbit, passes through trochlea
38
inferior oblique
turns eye superiorly and laterally, attaches obliquely to eyeball
39
Superficial (cranial) neck muscles
trapezius, sternocleidmastoid
40
Superficial (cranial) neck muscles innervation
CN XI, spinal accessory
41
trapezius action
Retract, elevate, and depress the scapula; extends neck if used bilaterally
42
Sternocleidomastoid action
Turns head, or flexes neck if used bilaterally
43
Deep muscles of the head and neck
extraocular muscles, Suprahyoid, Pharyngeal muscles, Laryngeal muscles, Muscles of the tongue
44
Suprahyoid action
Control the position of the hyoid bone and the floor of the oral cavity
45
suprahyoid innvervation
CN V (trigeminal), CN VII (facial)
46
pharyngeal muscles action
Swallowing motions; propel food and water to the esophagus, form the wall of the pharynx
47
pharyngeal muscles innervation
CN X, vagus
48
laryngeal muscles action
Move the vocal cords, also closing of glottis during swallowing
49
Laryngeal muscles innervation
CN X, vagus
50
muscles of the tongue action
Extrinsic muscles control its position; intrinsic muscles control its shape
51
Intrinsic tongue muscles
contained entirely within the tongue, alter shape of tongue
52
extrinsic tongue muscles
one attachment outside of the tongue, movements of tongue
53
muscles of tongue innvervation
CN XII, hypoglossal
54
superficial humeral muscles action
major movements of shoulder
55
superficial humeral muscles
deltoid, pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi
56
superficial humeral muscles distal attachment
humerus
57
deltoid (anterior, middle, posterior) action
abduction of glenohumeral joint
58
anterior deltoid action
flexion of GH joint
59
posterior deltoid action
extension of GH joint
60
prectoralis major action
adduct the GH joint
61
latissimus dorsi action
extension of humerus, adduction of GH joint
62
scapular muscles
trapezius, pectoralis minor, serratus anterior, levator scapulae, rhomboids (major and minor)
63
trapezius attachment
from head to the last throacic vertebra
64
trapezius action
elevation, depression, retration of scapula and lateral flexion of the neck (toward ear)
65
pextoralis minor action
depression of scapula
66
serratus anterior action
protraction of scapula (boxer's muscle)
67
levator scapula action
elevation of scapula
68
rhomboids action
retraion of scapula
69
deep shoulder muscles
rotator cuff muscles, coracobrachialis, teres major
70
coracobrachialis action
adductor of the GH joint
71
teres major action
an extensor of the glenohumeral joint that also internally rotates the joint
72
rotator cuff muscles attachment
originate at the scapula and insert to the proximal humerus
73
rotator cuff muscles function
holds the humeral head within the shallow glenoid cavity of the scapula
74
supraspinatus action
abducts GH joint
75
infraspinatus action
external rotation of GH joint
76
teres minor
external rotation of GH joint
77
rotator cuff muscles
supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis
78
subscapularis action
internal rotation of GH joint
79
muscles of the brachium
anterior flexors and posterior extensors
80
posterior brachial muscles
extension: triceps (2 heads connect to humerus), anconeus
81
anterior brachial muscles
flexion: brachialis (deep), biceps brachii (superficial)
82
muscles of the antebrachium (forearm) actions
movements of wrist and digits, pronation/supination
83
wrist flexors origin
medial epicondyle of humerus
84
wrist extensors attachment
lateral epicondyle of humerus
85
posterior antebrachial muscles
Brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis (longus and brevis), Extensor Digitorum, Extensor Digiti Minimi, Extensor Carpi Ulnaris, Supinator, Extensor indicis, Extensor pollicis (Longus and Brevis), Abductor pollicis longus
86
anterior antebrachial muscles
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis, Pronator Teres, Flexor Carpi Radialis, Palmaris Longus, Flexor Carpi Ulnaris, Pronator quadratus, Flexor digitorum profundus, Flexor pollicis longus
87
brachioradialis action
flexion of elbow (only one in forearm that acts on elbow!)
88
extensor carpi radialis (longus and brevis) action
Extension of the wrist
89
Extensor Digitorum action
Extension of digits II–IV
90
Extensor Digiti Minimi action
Extension of digit V
91
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris action
Extension of the wrist
92
Supinator action
Supination of the hand (most deep)
93
Extensor indicis action
Extension of digit II
94
Extensor pollicis | Longus and Brevis
Extension of digit I
95
Abductor pollicis longus action
Abduction of digit I
96
flexor digitorum superficialis
largest muscles of the anterior antebrachial region, deep
97
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis action
Flexion of the digits
98
Pronator Teres action
Pronation of hand
99
Flexor Carpi Radialis action
Flexion of the wrist
100
Palmaris Longus action
Tenses skin of the hand and flexion of the wrist
101
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris action
flexion of wrist
102
Pronator quadratus action
pronation of hand
103
Flexor digitorum profundus action
Flexion of digits II–V
104
Flexor pollicis longus
Flexion of digit I
105
deep muscles of the Anterior Antebrachial
pronator quadratus, flexor digitorum profundus, flexor pollicis longus

BIOL 252L (5 decks)

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