Lab 5 Flashcards
(34 cards)
1
Q
Solution
- System
- Solvent
- Solute
- Precipitate
A
- System = Homogenous disperse
- Solvent = Liquid
- Solute = Solid/liquid/gas
- Precipitate = No, clear
2
Q
Emulsion
- System
- Solvent
- Solute
- Precipitate
A
- System = Heterogeneous disperse (o/w; w/o)
- Solvent = Liquid
- Solute = Liquid
- Precipitate = Yes, liquid
3
Q
Suspension
- System
- Solvent
- Solute
- Precipitate
A
- System = Heterogenous disperse
- Solvent = Liquid
- Solute = Solid
- Precipitate = Yes, solid
4
Q
w/o system
A
5
Q
Parenteral
A
Drug administered via routes other than orally
6
Q
List the types of drug used for: Injection
A
- Solution
- Emulsion
- Suspension
- Microemulsion
- Microsuspension
7
Q
List the types of drug used for: Infusion
A
- Solution
- Microemulsion
8
Q
Give the requirements of injection and infusion
A
- Sterile
- Pyogen-free
- Isotonic
- Isohydric (btw. pH 5 - 7)
- Homogenous, particle free
9
Q
Administration types of liquids
A
- IV
- IM
- SC
- IP
- IO
- ID
- IA
- IC
10
Q
Liquid forms for oral/rectal use
A
- Solution
- Emulsion
- Suspension
- Syrup
- Elixir, mixture
- Extract
- Drop for oral use
11
Q
Liquid forms for skin + mucous membrane use
A
- Solution
- Emulsion
- Suspension
- Spot on/pour on
- Shampoo
- Teat dip solution
- Extract
- Intrauterine solution, suspension
12
Q
Liquid forms for ophthalmology
A
Eye drop
- Solution, suspension
- Sterile
- Active agent
- Vehicle
- Preservative
- Expiration date
13
Q
Liquid forms for otology (ear)
A
- Ear cleaner
- Ear drop
- Solution, suspension
- Active agent
- Vehicle
14
Q
Liquid forms for nasal cavity
A
- Nasal drop
- Nasal spray
15
Q
Give the area of application of semi-solid drug forms
A
- Skin, mucous membrane
- Oral
- Eye
- Mammary gland
- Rectum, vagina
16
Q
Give the dose forms of semi-solid drugs
A
- Ointment
- Cream
- Gel
- Paste
- Eye ointment
- Intramammary infusion
- Suppository
- Vaginal suppository
- Electuaries
17
Q
Semi-solid medium: Properties
A
- Active agent - Various
- Homogenous appearance
- Body temperature does not melt it
- Local or systemic effect
18
Q
Semi-solid ointment: Active compounds
A
- Antibiotics
- Antimycotic
- Antiviral agent
- NSAIDs
- Glucocorticoids
- Antihistamine
- Coating
- Antiseptic agents
19
Q
Semi-solid ingredients: Lipophilic
A
- Fats & oils: Cocoa butter, oils, hard fat
- Hydrocarbons: Vaseline & paraffin
- Waxes & wax alcohols: Wool wax, honey bee wax, cetostearyl alcohol
20
Q
Semisolid ingredients: Hydrophilic
A
- Natural polymers: Cellulose, gelatine, starch
- Synthetic polymers: Macrogols & polysorbates
21
Q
Ointment forms
A
- w/o
- Hydrous ointment
- Emollient ointment
- o/w
- Nonionic hydrophilic ointment
- Anionic hydrophilic ointment
22
Q
Examples of: Ointments with covering, delayed effect, non-washable with water
A
- White vaseline
- Yellow vaseline
- Oily ointment
- Simple ointment
- Emollient ointment
- Hydrous ointment
23
Q
Examples of: ointments and ointment bases with shorter effect, washable with water
A
- Stearin ointment
- Nonionic hydrophilic ointment
- Anionic hydrophilic ointment
- Macrogol ointment
- Carbomer hydrogel
- Methylcellulose hydrogel
24
Q
Cream
A
- Emulsion system
- Hydrophilic o/w
- Emulsifiers
- Na-soap
- Polysorbate
- Emulsifiers
- Lipophilic w/o
- Emulsifiers
- Wool wax alcohol
- Emulsifiers
25
Gel
Gellifying agent
* Starch
* Cellulose
26
Semi-solid - Eye ointment: Composition
* Active agent
* Vehicle
* Ophthalmic white vaseline
* Simple eye ointment
* Hydrous eye ointment
## Footnote
*Sterile, ointment has a longer duration of action than eye drop*
27
Semi-solid - intramammary infusion: Properties
* Sterile
* Soft suspension, emulsion
* Prevention, treatment
* Lactating(LC, MC) - Dry (DC)
28
Semi-solid - intramammary infusion: Composition
* Active agents:
* AB, GC, enzymes, antioxidants
* Bismuth salts
* Vehicle:
* Liquid paraffin
* White vaseline
* Medium-chain triglycerides
29
Semi-solid - intramammary infusion: Application
* Udder wash
* Disinfection
* Milk out
* Infusion through teat channel
1. Lactating → Milk out again after 12hr, then repeat
2. Dry → Last milk out (WP)
30
Semi-solid - Suppository: Properties
* Body temperature: Softening/melting
* Local & systemic effect
* Active agent:
* Anticonvulsive, antipyretic, painkiller
* Faecal softener, antiseptic
* Base/vehicle
* Solid fat
* Cocoa butter
31
Semi-solid - electuaries: Properties
* Active agent: Weak! *(imprecise)*
* Active agent: Solid (powder)
* Vehicle: Syrup, molasses, jam
32
Gaseous - Inhalational: Base
* Gas
* Liquid
* Isoflurane, sevoflurane
* GC - Fluticasone, beclomethazone
* β2 agonist - Terbutaline, formoterol, slameterol
* Solid - Human
33
Gaseous - Inhalational: Container
* Compressed gas
* Propellant
* Mechanical
34
Gaseous - Impregnated, smoking strips
Honey bees
External parasite
* Volatile oil: Thymol, camphor, menthol, eucalyptus
* Formic acid, oxalic acid
* Amitraz
* Flumethrin
* Coumaphos
