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BIOL210L > Lab 5 - Arthropoda > Flashcards

Lab 5 - Arthropoda Flashcards

1
Q

Arthropods have what kind of coelom

A

Eucoeleom, greatly reduced

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2
Q

What does Arhtropoda mean

A

Jointed Foot

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3
Q

What are the parts of the arthropod leg (from medial to distal)

A

Coxa, Trochanter, Femur, Tibia, Metatarsus, Tarsus

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4
Q

How many legs per segment?

A

Two (one pair per segment)

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5
Q

Types of modifications in Arthropoda

A

Mouthparts, locomotion, reproduction, food capture, and sensory

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6
Q

Serial Homology

A

Sequential differences from the same original structure (e.g. 17 different appendages in Crayfish)

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7
Q

What is the exoskeleton made of?

A

Chitin (N-Acetyl glucosamine)

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8
Q

Tagmata

A

Fusion of metameres for a specific function

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9
Q

Types of tagmata

A

Head, Thorax, Abdomen, or Cephalothorax and Abdomen

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10
Q

Types of sensory structures

A

Chemoreceptors, Mechanoreceptors, Photoreceptors

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11
Q

Types of “eyes”

A

Simple eyes - ocelli, used for light and movement
Compound eyes - many ocellium, panoramic vision

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12
Q

Clades within Arthropoda (broad)

A

Mandibulata (has mandibles), pancrustatia (all head appendages used for feeding, tripartite brain)

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13
Q

Mandibulata is….

A

Crustacea, Hexapoda, Myriapoda

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14
Q

Pancrustatia is….

A

Crustacea, Hexapoda

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15
Q

Five main taxa of Arthropoda

A

Chelicerata, Hexapoda, Myriapoda, Crustacea, Trilobita (EXTINCT)

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16
Q

Hemocoel

A

cavity for open circulatory system

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17
Q

Ecdysis

A

molting

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18
Q

What clade of Prostotomes are they part of?

A

Ecdyszoa

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19
Q

Chelicerata Synapomorphy

A

Cheliciere, appendages next to mouth used for killing and capturing prey

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20
Q

Pedipalps

A

Set of appendages posterior to the mouth used for manipulating food toward mouth

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21
Q

Taxa within Chelcerata

A

Merostomata (horseshoe crabs), Arachnida (spiders, ticks, mites), Pyncnogonida (sea spiders)

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22
Q

Book gills

A

Gills within Merostomata, posterior ventral end of horseshoe crab, underneath plates, folds called lamellae, first plate has genital pores

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23
Q

Hemolymph

A

Blood within arachnida

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24
Q

Mandibulata Synapomorphy

A

Mandibles

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25
Q

Crustacea synapomorphy

A

2 pairs of antennae, 2 pairs of maxillae, biramous (branched) appendages

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26
Q

Maxillae

A

additional mouthparts used for navigation of food

27
Q

Mandibles

A

“chewing” jaws

28
Q

Taxa within Crustacea

A

Copeopoda , Malacostraca (crayfish, gills at base of legs and calcium exoskeleton), Branchiopoa (Daphnia)

29
Q

Carapace

A

cavity within Daphnia that contains appendages that funnel food and prey into mouth

30
Q

Myriapoda synapomorphy

A

Loss of compound eye

31
Q

Taxa within Myriapoda

A

Diplapoda (milipedes, two pairs of legs per segment, bad smell), Chilopoda (one pair of legs per segment, predatory and venomous)

32
Q

Hexapoda body plan

A

Head, thorax, abdomen, with tracheal system for gas exchange and respiration

33
Q

Hemimetabolous

A

Not much change during metamorphosis, nymph juvenile stage

34
Q

Holometabolous

A

Drastic changes through metamorphosis, larval and adult transition phase called “pupa”

35
Q

Odonata

A

Dragonflies and damselflies, Hemimetabolis

36
Q

Orthoptera

A

Grasshoppers, Crickets, and Katydids, Hemimetabolous

37
Q

Hemiptera

A

True bugs, leafhoppers, cicadas, Hemimetabolous

38
Q

Plecoptera

A

Stoneflies, Hemimetabolous

39
Q

Coleoptera

A

Beetles, Holometabolous

40
Q

Diptera

A

True flies, Holometabolous

41
Q

Lepidoptera

A

Butterflies, moths, skippers, Holometabolous

42
Q

Hymenoptera

A

Wasps, Bees, and Ants, Holometabolous

43
Q

Merostomata anatomy

A

Cephalothorax and abdomen, telson to help flip over and anchor, compound eye and simple eye, book gills,

44
Q

Carapace

A

structure in Merostomata that covers the cephalothorax, horseshoe shaped

45
Q

Chelae

A

Pincers in merostomata, on every pair of appendages except last pair, used to move food to mouth and grasp food

46
Q

Chelicerae

A

First set of appendages, manipulate food, do not have pincers

47
Q

Gnathobases

A

Spiny structures at bases of legs, macerate food as it is moved towards the mouth in Merostomata

48
Q

Chilaria

A

Pair of rudimentary appendages with no purpouse behind the last pair of legs in Merostomata

49
Q

What makes up the cephalothorax in Arachnida (ticks)

A

Large part (idiosoma), capitulum (small part)

50
Q

Captiulum contains…

A

pair of pedipalps surrounding toothed chelicerae

51
Q

What joins the cephalothorax and abdomen in spiders

A

Pedicel, slender

52
Q

Ocelli

A

eyespots on dorsal side of cephalothorax that measure light intensity

53
Q

Fangs

A

inject poison into prey

54
Q

Functions of the exoskeleton

A

Protection and structural support

55
Q

Cuticle

A

noncellular layer that gives a sheen and is used for protection

56
Q

Sclerites

A

Divison of exoskeleton into plates in Hexapoda

57
Q

Labrum

A

upper “lip” covering hexapoda mouth parts

58
Q

Mandibles

A

deep to the labrum and used to chew plants

59
Q

Maxillae

A

Posterior to the mandibles, contain antennae-shaped “palps” used for chemical and tactile reception, manipulate food into mouth

60
Q

Labium

A

posterior to the maxillae, lower “lip”

61
Q

Tympanium

A

first segment of Hexapoda, used to detect sound

62
Q

Hexapoda reproductive structures

A

Ovipositors on abdomen in females which are used to dig into sand to lay eggs, claspers in males to hold females

63
Q

Ootheca

A

structure to hold eggs in cockroaches

64
Q

Cockroach Genus

A

Blattodea

BIOL210L (7 decks)

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