Lab 5- Microscopy and Histology 1

Question 1

What is histology?

Answer 1

The study of tissues in the body, how they arranged, and how they interrelate

Question 2

What are the 4 types of tissues?

Answer 2

Epithelial tissue
Connective tissue
Nervous tissue
Muscle tissue

Question 3

What does epithelial tissue do?

Answer 3

It lines body surfaces and separates compartments
Provides a platform for secretion, absorption, diffusion

Question 4

What does connective tissue do?

Answer 4

Connects epithelium to rest of body
Structural support
Transport
Protects organs
Stores energy
Defends against microbes

Question 5

What is connective tissue made from?

Answer 5

Extracellular matrix proteins e.g. collagen and elastin
Some cells e.g. fibroblasts, chondrocytes, osteoblasts, osteoclasts

Question 6

What does muscle tissue do?

Answer 6

Contains specialised cells for contraction

Question 7

What are the 3 types of muscle tissue?

Answer 7

Skeletal
Cardiac
Smooth

Question 8

What is skeletal muscle?

Answer 8

Allows voluntary movement
Requires nervous input
Striated

Question 9

What is cardiac muscle?

Answer 9

Controlled by pacemaker cells which are modified by nervous input
Striated

Question 10

What is smooth muscle?

Answer 10

For involuntary control
Slower contractions
Surround organs and blood vessels

Question 11

What is nervous tissue?

Answer 11

Specialised cells for rapid electrochemical communication

Question 12

Types of cells in nervous tissue?

Answer 12

Neurons and glia

Question 13

Steps for setting up a microscope

Answer 13

1. Place in comfortable position
2. Observe specimen outside microscope
3. Switch to lowest lens before placing slide
4. Turn on light switch, lower light intensity
5. Adjust oculars
6. Place specimen under stage clips
7. Focus on specimen from lowest to highest lens using first the coarse knob then the fine one, being careful not to move it too far
8. Use stage controls to move slide
9. On 40x and 100x lens do not use coarse knob

Question 14

Steps for setting up an oil immersion

Answer 14

1. Rotate lenses to b/n 40 and 100 and place a small drop of oil on the slide
2. Slowly rotate nosepiece to 100x lens until it clicks in place. Ensure there is enough space b/n the objective and the slide
3. Afterwards, move objective away, lower the stage, take off the slide being careful not to swing a lower objective through the oil, clean the oil off with a tissue then Windex and a tissue. Clean lens with Windex and a lens cleaner

Question 15

Features of epithelial tissue

Answer 15

Basement membrane
Cuboidal, columnar, squamous
Cilia
Layers

Question 16

Features of connective tissue

Answer 16

Fibres
Fibroblasts
Leukocytes
Adipose cells
Capillaries
Irregular

Question 17

Features of muscle tissue

Answer 17

Striated
Capillaries
Highly organised
Multinucleated
Fibres

Question 18

Features of nervous tissue

Answer 18

Glia
Neurons
Capillaries
Leukocytes