Lab 7 Flashcards by Grace Fink

Iliopsoas- Iliacus and psoas major

Origin: iliacus- iliac fossa and crest, lateral sacrum. Psoas major- transverse process, bodies, and discs of T12 and lumbar vertebrae
Insertion: on or just below lesser trochanter of femur
Action: Flex trunk at hip joint, flex thigh, lateral flextion of vertebral column

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Sartorius

Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine
Insertion: by an aproneurosis into medial aspect of proximal tibia
Action: flex, abduct, and laterally rotate thigh, flex leg

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Adductors (Magnus, longus, and brevis)

Origin: Magnus- ischial and pubic rami and ischial tuberosity. Longus- pubis near pubic symphysis. Brevis- body and inferior pubic ramus
Insertion: Magnus- linea aspera and adductor tubercle of femur. Longus & brevis- Linea aspera
Action: adducts and medially rotate and flex thigh

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Pectineus

Origin: pectineal line of pubis (and superior pubic ramus)
Insertion: inferior from lesser trochanter to linea aspera of femur
Action: adducts, flexes, and medially rotates thigh

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Gracilis

Origin: inferior ramus and body of pubis
Insertion: medial surface of tibia just inferior to medial condyle
Action: adducts thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg

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Rectus Femoris (Quadriceps femoris)

Origin: anterior inferior iliac spine and superior margin of acetabulum
Insertion: tibial tuberosity and patella
Action: extend leg and flex thigh

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Vastus lateralis (Quadriceps femoris)

Origin: greater trochanter, intertrochanteric line, and linea aspera
Insertion: tibial tuberosity and patella
Action: extends leg and stabilize knee

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Vastus medialis (Quadriceps femoris)

Origin: linea aspera and intertrochanteric line
Insertion: tibial tuberosity and patella
Action: extend leg and stabilize patella

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Vastus intermedius (Quadriceps femoris)

Origin: anterior and lateral surface of femur
Insertion: tibial tuberosity and patella
Action: extend leg

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Tensor fascia lata

Origin: anterior aspect of iliac crest, and anterior superior iliac spine
Insertion: illiotibial tract (lateral fascia lata)
Action: steadies trunk

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Gluteus Maximus

Origin: dorsal ilium, sacrum, and coccyx
Insertion: gluteal tuberosity of femur and iliotibial tract
Action: powerful thigh extensor

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Gluteus medius

Origin: upper lateral surface of ilium
Insertion: greater trochanter of femur
Action: Abducts and medially rotates thigh

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Gluteus minimus

Origin: external inferior surface of ilium
Insertion: greater trochanter of femur
Action: abducts and medially rotates thigh

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Piriformis

Origin: anterior sacrum, gluteal surface of ilium
Insertion: greater trochanter of femur
Action: laterally rotates thigh, thigh abduction

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Superior Gemellus

Origin: ischial spine
Insertion: medial surface of greater trochanter of femur
Action: laterally rotates thigh, thigh abduction

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Obturator internus

Origin: inner surface of the obturator membrane, bony boundaries of obturator foramen
Insertion: medially surface of greater trochanter of femur
Action: laterally rotates thigh, abduction of flexed thigh

Inferior Gemellus

Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: medial surface of greater trochanter of femur
Action: laterally rotates thigh, thigh abduction

Quadratus femoris

Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: intertrochanteric crest of femur
Action: laterally rotates thigh

Biceps femoris (hamstring)

Origin: long head- ischial tuberosity, short head- linea aspera and distal femur
Insertion: tendon passes laterally to insert into head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia
Action: extend thigh, flex leg

Semitendinosus (hamstring)

Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: medial aspect of upper tibial shaft
Action: extend thigh, flex leg

Semimembranosus (hamstring)

Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: medial condyle of tibia, lateral condyle of femur
Action: extend thigh, flex leg

Fibularis (peroneus) longus

Origin: head and upper portion of fibula
Insertion: by long tendon under foot to metatarsal 1 and medial cuneiform
Action: plantar flexes and everts foot

Fibularis (peroneus) brevis

Origin: distal portion of fibula shaft
Insertion: by tendon running behind lateral malleolus to insert on proximal end of metatarsal 5
Action: plantar flexes and everts foot

Tibialis anterior

Origin: lateral condyle and upper 2/3 of tibia, interosseous membrane
Insertion: by tendon into inferior surface of first cuneiform and metatarsal 1
Action: prime mover of dorsiflexion

Extensor digitorum longus

Origin: lateral condyle of tibia, proximal 3/4 of fibula, interosseous membrane Insertion: tendon divides into 4 parts, inserts into middle and distal phalanges of toes 2-5 Action: prime mover of toe extension

Fibularis (peroneus) tertius

Origin: Distal anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane Insertion: Tendon inserts on dorsum of metatarsal 5 Action: Dorsiflexes and everts foot

Extensor hallucis longus

Origin: Anteriomedial shaft of fibula and interosseous membrane Insertion: Tendon inserts on distal phalanx of great toe Action: Extends great toe

Gastrocnemius (Triceps surae)

Origin: By two heads from medial and lateral condyles of femur Insertion: calcaneus via calcaneal tendon Action: plantar flexes foot

Soleus (Triceps surae)

Origin: Proximal portion of tibia and fibula, interosseous membrane Insertion: calcaneus via calcaneal tendon Action: plantar flexion

Popliteus

Origin: Lateral condyle of femur and lateral meniscus Insertion: proximal tibia Action: Flexes and rotates leg medially to unlock the knee when leg flexion begins

Tibialis posterior

Origin: superior portion of tibia and fibula, interosseous membrane Insertion: tendon passes obliquely behind medial malleoulus and under arch of foot, inserts into several tarsals and metatarsals 2-4 Action: prime mover of foot inversion

Flexor digitorum longus

Origin: posterior surface of tibia Insertion: distal phalanges of toes 2-5 Action: Flexes toes, plantar flexes and inverts foot

Flexor hallucis longus

Origin: middle portion of fibula shaft, interosseous membrane Insertion: tendon runs under foot to distal phalanx of great toe Action: Flexes great toe, plantar flexes and inverts foot

What is EMG

electromyogrphy; the electrical signal recorded from a contracting muscle. Depicts the timing and pattern of muscle activity during complex movements.

Why is EMG waveform irregular and electrocardiogram is discrete?

EMG measures muscular activity which is not as steady of a rhythm as pulse

What happens to biceps EMG when weight is added

Baseline fro the RMS went up and EMG signal increased

Coactivation

The antagonist muscle is activated when the agonist is working. Thought to stabilize the joint

What happens to triceps EMG when bicep is activated

It also spiked (not quite as much) which is evidence of coactivation