Lab Chp. Three: Connective, Muscular, and Nervous Tissue

Question 1

General Traits of Connective Tissue

Answer 1

• Most abundant tissue type
• vary in levels of vasularization
• contains cells dispersed in extracellular matrix (matrix is made up of protein fibers and ground substances)

Question 2

Functions of connective tissues:

Answer 2

• provide support and protection
• help repair from tissue damage
• help protect against infection
• serve as frameworks or bind structures
• May fill: spaces, store fat, or make blood cells

Question 3

Fibroblast

Answer 3

Produces Fibers

*Connective Tissue

Question 4

Macrophages

Answer 4

Aid the immune system by doing phagocytosis

*Connective tissue

Question 5

Mast Cells

Answer 5

Release herapin and/or histamine

*Connective tissue

Question 6

very strong

Answer 6

Collagen Fibers

*Connective tissue

Question 7

Elastic Fibers

Answer 7

Allows for expansion and contraction of a tissue

*Connective tissue

Question 8

Reticular Fibers

Answer 8

very thin, highly branched, collagenous fibers

*Connective tissue

Question 9

Thinnest of the three fiber types

Answer 9

Reticular fibers

Question 10

Connective tissue proper

Answer 10

• loose connective tissue
• adipose tissue
• regular connective tissue
• dense connective tissue
• elastic connective tissue

Question 11

specialized connective tissue

Answer 11

• cartilage
• bone
• blood

Question 12

• Mainly fibroblasts with collagen and elastic fibers
• Fluid to gell-like matrix
• binds skin to most structure
• Found between muscles

Answer 12

Loose connective tissue

Question 13

-many collagen fibers and elastic fibers with few fibroblasts

Answer 13

Dense Connective Tissue

Question 14

• Many elastic fibers and some collagen fibers and fibroblasts
• Form walls of large airways, arteries, and the heart

Answer 14

Elastic Connective Tissue

Question 15

• Composed of reticular fibers

- Support structure for organs

Answer 15

Reticular connective tissue

Question 16

_____ carry blood at a higher blood pressure than veins

Answer 16

arteries

Question 17

• Made up of adipocytes

- Cushions, insulates, and stores fat

Answer 17

Adipose

Question 18

• Osteocytes and a solid matrix

- Forms the skeleton

Answer 18

Osseous tissue (bone)

Question 19

General traits of cartilage:

Answer 19

• chondrocytes in lacunae and a rigid matrix
• has a poor blood supply
• exists in three types

Question 20

3 types of cartilage:

Answer 20

1. Hyaline Cartilage
2. Fibrocartilage
3. Blood

Question 21

Most abundant type of cartilage:

Answer 21

Hyaline Cartilage

Question 22

Found at the end of bones

Answer 22

Hyaline Cartilage

Question 23

Forms the embryonic skeleton, nose, and respiratory passageways

Answer 23

Hyaline Cartilage

Question 24

• Flexible

- Makes up external ear and larynx

Answer 24

Elastic Cartilage

Question 25

- Very tough - Is a shock absorber - forms intervertebral discs, pads of knees, and pelvic girdle

Answer 25

Fibrocartilage

Question 26

Blood aids in:

Answer 26

1. transport 2. clotting 3. defense

Question 27

Blood has a ____ matrix:

Answer 27

Fluid (plasma)

Question 28

General traits of muscle tissue:

Answer 28

1. muscle cells are called muscle fibers 2. contractile cells 3. three types

Question 29

Three types of muscle tissue:

Answer 29

1. skeletal 2. smooth 3. cardiac

Question 30

- Striated - Voluntary - Attached to bones

Answer 30

Skeletal Muscle

Question 31

- Not striated - Involuntary - Makes up: walls of organs, walls of blood vessels, part of the skin

Answer 31

Smooth Muscle

Question 32

- Striated - Involuntary - Has intercalated discs - Makes up walls of heart

Answer 32

Cardiac

Question 33

Quick movement of calcium from one cell to the next

Answer 33

Intercalated Discs

Question 34

Cells are branched

Answer 34

Cardiac Muscle

Question 35

Basic cells of nervous tissue

Answer 35

Neurons

Question 36

Nervous tissue helps make up:

Answer 36

1. Brain 2. Spinal cord 3. Peripheral Nerves

Question 37

conduct nerve impulses

Answer 37

Nervous Tissue

Question 38

Nervous Tissue

Answer 38

- Conduct nerve impulses | - aid in sensory detection

Question 39

______ cells bind and support nervous tissue components

Answer 39

Neuroglial cells

Question 40

What are the three major connective cell types?

Answer 40

1. Fibroblasts (Produce fibers) 2. Macrophages (aid the immune system by doing phagocytosis) 3. Mast cells (release heparin and/or histamine)

Question 41

- loose connective tissue - adipose tissue - reticular connective tissue - dense connective tissue - elastic connective tissue

Answer 41

connective tissue proper

Question 42

- cartilage - bone - blood

Answer 42

specialized connective tissue

Question 43

What structures are made up of nervous tissues?

Answer 43

- brain - spinal cord - peripheral nerves

Question 44

Define muscle fiber

Answer 44

muscle cell

Question 45

What are the two types of nervous tissue?

Answer 45

1. neurons (brain cells) | 2. neuroglial cells (bind and support nervous tissue components)

Question 46

Consists of several layers of cube-shaped, elongated, and irregular cells allowing an expandable lining

Answer 46

transitional epithelium

Question 47

commonly possesses cilia that move dust and mucus out of the airways of the respiratory passages

Answer 47

pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Question 48

single layer of flattened cells

Answer 48

simple squamous epithelium

Question 49

forms walls of capillaries and air sacs of lungs

Answer 49

simple squamous epithelium

Question 50

provides lining of urethra of males and parts of pharynx

Answer 50

stratified columnar epithelium

Question 51

provides abrasion protection of skin epidermis and oral cavity

Answer 51

stratified squamous

Question 52

forms inner lining of urinary bladder and ureters

Answer 52

transitional epithelium

Question 53

lines kidney tubules and ducts of salivary glands

Answer 53

simple cuboidal epithelium

Question 54

forms lining of stomach and intestines

Answer 54

simple columnar epithelium

Question 55

two or three layers of cube shaped cells

Answer 55

stratified cuboidal epithelium

Question 56

forms lining of oral cavity, anal canal, and vagina

Answer 56

stratified squamous epithelium