Lab Endocrine System

Question 1

10 major Endocrine glands

Answer 1

1. hypothalamus
2. pituitary gland
3. pineal gland
4. thyroid
5. parathyroid gland
6. thymus
7. adrenal gland
8. pancreas
9. ovaries
10. testes

Question 2

Name the hormone in the Pineal gland

Answer 2

melatonin

Question 3

Melatonin: Name target site AND effect

Answer 3

TS: inhibits hormones in the hypothalamus

E: regulates circadian rhythm

Question 4

Anterior Pituitary is also known as:

Answer 4

Adenohypophysis

Question 5

The Anterior Pituitary Gland releases 7 hormones. Name them.

Answer 5

1. Growth Hormone (GH)
2. Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
3. Prolactin (PRL)
4. Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
5. Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
6. Adrenocorticotropin (ACTH)
7. Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH)

Question 6

Anterior Pituitary
Growth Hormone (GH): Name target site AND effect

Answer 6

TS: tissues and most cells

E: growth

Question 7

Anterior Pituitary
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH):
Name target site AND effect

Answer 7

TS: thyroid

E: produce thyroid hormones

Question 8

Anterior Pituitary
Prolactin (PRL):
Name target site AND effect

Answer 8

TS: mammory glands

E: begins production of milk

Question 9

Anterior Pituitary
Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH):
Name target site AND effect

Answer 9

TS: gonads, sex cells

E: production of sex cells: ovaries to develop eggs, testes to develop spermatoza

Question 10

Anterior Pituitary
Luteinizing Hormone (LH):
Name target site AND effect

Answer 10

TS: ovaries and testes

E: produce progesterone and testosterone

Question 11

Anterior Pituitary
Adrenocorticotropin (ACTH):
Name target site AND effect

Answer 11

TS: adrenal cortex

E: hormone production

Question 12

Anterior Pituitary
Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH):
Name target site AND effect

Answer 12

TS: skin and hair

E: produce melanin and increases production during pregnancy

Question 13

Posterior Pituitary is also called what?

Answer 13

Neurohypophysis

Question 14

The Posterior Pituitary releases 2 hormones. Name them.

Answer 14

1. Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)

2. Oxytocin (OT)

Question 15

Posterior Pituitary
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH):
Name target site AND effect

Answer 15

TS: kidneys

E: reabsorption and retention of water

Question 16

Posterior Pituitary
Oxytocin (OT):
Name target site AND effect

Answer 16

TS: mammory glands

E: release of milk; contracts uterus

Question 17

Thyroid releases 3 hormones. Name them

Answer 17

1. triiodonthyronine (T3)
2. thyroxine (T4)
3. calcitonin (CT)

Question 18

Thyroid
triiodothyronine (T3)
Name target site AND effect

Answer 18

TS: most cells of the body

E: increase metabolic rates

Question 19

Thyroid
thyroxine (T4):
Name target site and effect

Answer 19

TS: most cells of the body

E: increase metabolic rates

Question 20

Thyroid
calcitonin (CT):
Name target site AND effect

Answer 20

TS: bones

E: decrease osteoclast activity

Question 21

Parathyroid releases what hormone?

Answer 21

Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)

Question 22

Parathyroid Hormone (PTH):
Name target site AND effect

Answer 22

TS: bone, kidney, small intestine

E: increase in calcium absorption

Question 23

Thymus releases what hormone?

Answer 23

Thymosin

Question 24

Thymosin:

Name target site AND effect

Answer 24

TS: T cells - - > lymph nodes and spleen

E: provide immunity against antigens

Question 25

Pancreas releases what 2 hormones?

Answer 25

1. beta cell: Insulin IN | 2. alpha cell: GLUC

Question 26

The hormones within the pancreas are contained in what structure?

Answer 26

Islets of Langerhans

Question 27

Pancreas Insulin (IN): Name target site AND effect

Answer 27

TS: liver, skeletal muscle, adipose tissue E: increase uptake and use of glucose and amino acids

Question 28

Pancreas GLUC (alpha cell): Name target site AND effect

Answer 28

TS: liver E: release of glucose into circulation

Question 29

Name the 2 parts to the adrenal gland.

Answer 29

Adrenal Cortex AND Adrenal Medulla

Question 30

Name the 2 hormones of the adrenal cortex.

Answer 30

1. Aldosterone (ALD) | 2. Cortisol (CORT)

Question 31

Adrenal Cortex Aldosterone (ALD) Name target site AND effect

Answer 31

TS: kidney E: enhanced water absorption

Question 32

Adrenal Cortex Cortisol (CORT) Name target site AND effect

Answer 32

TS: most tissue E: increase protein and lipid breakdown, inhibits immune response and decreased inflammation

Question 33

Name the 2 hormones of the adrenal medulla.

Answer 33

1. Epinephrine (EP) | 2. Norepinephrine (NE)

Question 34

Adrenal Medulla Epinephrine (EP) and Norepinephrine (NE): Name target site AND effect

Answer 34

TS: heart, blood vessels, liver, adipose tissue E: prepare for physical activity (increase heart pumping, increase blood flow, etc).

Question 35

Name 3 hormones of the ovaries

Answer 35

1. estrogen 2. progesterone 3. relaxin

Question 36

Ovary Estrogen AND Progesterone: Name target site AND effect

Answer 36

TS: most cells E: uterine/mammory development, development of genitalia and secondary sex characteristics

Question 37

Ovary Relaxin: Name target site AND effect

Answer 37

TS: connective tissue E: increases flexibility in pelvic area, especially pubis symphysis

Question 38

Name the hormone in the Testes.

Answer 38

Testosterone

Question 39

Testes Testosterone: Name target site AND effect

Answer 39

TS: most cells E: sperm, development of genitalia, maintains sex organs

Question 40

Name the hormone in the kidney.

Answer 40

Erthropoietin (EPO)

Question 41

Kidney Erthropoietin: Name target site AND effect

Answer 41

TS: bone marrow E: red blood cell production