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Human A&P > Lab Exam #1 > Flashcards

Lab Exam #1 Flashcards

(52 cards)

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1
Q

microvili (CM)

A

finger-like projections coming off the surface. help w/ absorption

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2
Q

golgi apparatus (CM)

A

redish orangey structure found on the CM. looks like a glob almost. has small dots (vesicles) around it. think of it as the nickelodeon sign

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3
Q

smooth ER (CM)

A

dark blue structures on the CM. looks like a maze almost. its smooth

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4
Q

rough ER and ribosomes (CM)

A

dark blue glob on the left to the nucleus. contains a rough surface where the orange rough ER is located

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5
Q

lysosomes (CM)

A

small yellow dots on the CM. one is under the rough ER

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6
Q

peroxisome (CM)

A

bigger than lysosomes. white in color, also by the yellow lysosome on the cell floor

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7
Q

cell membrane (CM)

A

the outside of the cell

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8
Q

nucleus (CM)

A

purple sphere located in the middle of the cell body/model

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9
Q

nucleolus (CM)

A

smaller purple structure located inside the nucleus.

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10
Q

centrioles (CM)

A

small yellow figures on the CM that kinda look like a starfruit

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11
Q

3 types of fibers in connective tissue

A

reticular, collage, elastic

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12
Q

reticular

A

fine fibers that form a net

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13
Q

elastic

A

stretchy fibers that are found mostly in cartilage, ligaments, and areolar tissue

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14
Q

collagen

A

-most common protein in the body. “ropelike” and is not stretchy
-appears wavy in tissues

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15
Q

what are the 4 tissue groups

A

nervous, epithelial, muscle, connective

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16
Q

epithelial tissue covers mostly what

A

sheets of cells that mostly cover skin and lining of tubes

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17
Q

characteristics of epithelial tissues

A

they’re in layers
-squamous, cuboidal, or columnar (can tell by nucleus)
-simple or stratified

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18
Q

squamous epithelial tissue cells

A

-long, wide, skinny, flat
-oval shaped nucleus is stretched out with it

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19
Q

cuboidal epithelial tissue cells

A

-nucleus is round, perf. circle
-the cell membrane resembles a cube

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20
Q

columnar epithelial tissue cells

A

-cell membrane looks like a tall rectangle, resembles a column
-nucleus is long

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21
Q

simple epithelial tissue

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A

-extremely thin, consists of one layer

22
Q

stratified epithelial tissue

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A

-two or more layers of cells
-thick

23
Q

apical surface (epithelial)

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A

-free, exposed surface of the epithelial cell
-faces external environment or lumen of a body cavity

24
Q

lumen (epithelial)

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A

open space of the cell that can look like a tube

25
how do you name an epithelial cell
by its apical surface
26
basement membrane (epithelial)
-lines OUTSIDE of cell -on the outermost part by the cells, farthest to the lumen
27
psuedostratified (epithelial)
-"falsely stratified" -appears to be multiple layers/cells appear to be stacked (but aren't) -cells are different height which makes it seem stratified -pseudostratified ALWAYS contains cilia -goblet cells are in pseudostratified cells that produce MUCUS -think of pseudostratified to be in the throat
28
goblet cells
-pseudostratified will always contain goblet cells, but goblet cells can appear in other types as well -grainy, bigger, white looking
29
transitional tissue (epithelial)
the apical surface appears to look "pillowy" -indicator is/are cells that have two nuclei
30
what is something that distinguishes epithelial tissue from other tissues
contains an apical surface/free surface
31
what separates WBC from RBC (connective)
WBC contain a visible nucleus (looks blueish in microscope pics) and RBC do not, instead look like a donut (looks white in microscope pics)
32
platelets (connective)
small little dots significantly smaller than WBCs and RBCs
33
bone cells (connective)
-contain osteocyte (bone cell) -lacuna (cavity) -central canal
34
reticular tissue (connective)
-contains group of cells that have white circles (WBCs) which are gathered into a group of area by reticular fibers -fibers form "net" -almost look like a cherry blossom
35
areolar tissue (connective)
-contain fibroblasts which make elastic and collagen fibers -contains mast cells that make chemicals for the body -branches are thinner and "flowers" are thinner
36
difference in areolar and reticular tissues (connective)
-two diff types of fibers -areolar contains collagen and elastic fibers
37
adipose tissue (connective)
-fatty tissue -cells appear very large and tightly compacted -cells are called adipocytes
38
hyaline cartilage tissue (connective)
-hyal = clear/glossy -contains a visible lacuna and a chondrocyte that is mistaken for a nucleus -contains no fibers, just water
39
elastic cartilage (connective)
-contains elastic fibers between the lacuna & chondrocyte
40
fibrocartilage (connective)
-contains collagen between the lacuna & chondrocytes -appears wavy (collagen)
41
dense regular (connective)
-appears very wavy (contains collagen) -contains fibroblasts -running in straight rows, looks like spaghetti or lasagna -dense b/c the collagen fibers are compact in this tissue -regular b/c they run in regular, straight rows
42
dense irregular (connective)
-collagen fibers are NOT in straight rows, unlike dense regular -collagen fibers are wound up like a rope -swirls make a dense irregular tissue distinguishable
43
what are the 3 diff muscle tissues
skeletal, cardiac, smooth
44
skeletal (muscle)
-long cells with stripes (striations)
45
cardiac (muscle)
-also contains striations -cardiac muscle contains bigger, thicker dark lines that are called intercalated discs -the intercalated discs separate the cardiac muscles from each other
46
smooth (muscle)
-goes around tubes in two layers -both muscles are going in diff directions (think of a toilet paper roll and some thread wrapping over the height and some thread wrapping around the width/circumference)
47
nervous tissue
contains neurons, nucleus, and support cells -neuron is the name of the CELL -nucleus is inside the neuron -support cells are around the neuron. also called glial cells
48
interphase
-the nucleus is visible -single, intact cell -centrioles visible -INTER my single dome
49
prophase
-nucleus has disappeared -chromosomes have become visible -spindles begin to form around the centriole -PROOF! my nucleus is gone and chaos has erupted
50
metaphase
-spindles push chromosomes to middle of cell -my chromosomes have META goal to get in the middle
51
anaphase
-chromosomes have been pulled apart by spindles -ANA i oop- now there's two in one
52
telophase
-cell starts pinching in half -nucleus starts to reform -if spindle is still visible, cell is in telophase -TEL the nucleus to come back-there's 2 of us

Human A&P (7 decks)

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